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2016-2017学年高中英语 Module 6 Animals in Danger Section 3 Grammar课件 外研版必修5.ppt

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Section Ⅲ Grammar 复习定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.that用于下列情况: (1)先行词是all,something,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,few等不定代词; (2)先行词被all,any,every,no,little,much,some等词修饰; (3)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词; (4)先行词被the only,the very(正是、恰是),the last修饰; (5)先行词中既有人也有物; (6)在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句; (7)先行词是the way,并在定语从句中充当状语时,关系代词用that/in which或省略关系词。 He talked about the people and the place that he had visited in that country. 他谈到了他在那个国家所见到的人和所参观的地方。 2.whose用来指人或物,在定语从句中只作定语。 The school shop,whose customers are mainly students,is closed for the holidays. 这家学校商店大部分的顾客是学生,因放假而暂停营业了。 Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. 很少进行体育锻炼或饮食富含脂肪的孩子体重会增加很快。 3.who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school who I met in the English speech contest last year.我已与去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校的几个学生成为了好朋友。 4.which用于下列情况: (1)引导非限制性定语从句; (2)关系代词充当介词的宾语,且介词位于关系代词之前; (3)先行词本身是that时; (4)引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。 (2012·全国卷Ⅱ)That evening,which I will tell you more about later,I ended up working very late. 那天晚上我工作到很晚,随后我会告诉你更多相关的情况。 二、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 1.考查该结构中关系代词的选用。 若介词放在关系代词之前,关系代词指人时常用whom,指物时常用which。另外,whose也可以放在介词后,即“介词+whose+名词”结构,whose指人、物皆可。 (2012·天津高考)I wish to thank Professor Smith,without whose help I would never have got this far. 我希望感谢史密斯教授,没有他的帮助,我永远不会走这么远。 2.考查该结构中介词的选用。 (1)一般来说,确定关系代词前的介词,可以从以下三方面入手:先行词的意义;从句中的动词的固定搭配;句子的意思。 (2)表示“整体和部分关系”介词常用of。常见结构: ①在some,any,few,little,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each等代词或数词的前/后可以用of which/whom。 ②the+比较级或最高级前/后用of which/whom等。 (2013·重庆高考)John invited about 40 people to his wedding,most of whom are family members.约翰邀请了大约40人参加他的婚礼,他们当中绝大部分是家庭成员。 Recently I bought an ancient vase,the price of which (=whose price) was very reasonable. 最近我买了个古代的花瓶,它的价钱很合理。 注意:(1)from where为“介词+关系副词”结构,但也可以引导定语从句。 We stood at the top of the hill,from where we can see the town. 我们站在山顶上能看到全镇的景色。 (2)像listen to,look at,depend on,pay attention to,take care of等
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