synthesis and characterization of nitro-p-xylenesnitro-p-xylenes的合成和表征.pdf

Molecules 2005, 10, 978-989 molecules ISSN 1420-3049 Synthesis and Characterization of Nitro-p -xylenes Liu Yan-Hong 1, Zhang Tong-Lai 1,*, Zhang Jian-Guo 1, Guo Jin-Yu 1 and Yu Kai-Bei 2 1 State Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Explosion, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China, Tel: +86-10 Fax: +86-10 2 Center of Analysis and Test of Chengdu Branch, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail: ztlbit@ Received: 25 January 2005; in revised form: 23 April 2005 / Accepted: 25 April 2005 / Published: 31 August 2005 Abstract In this paper we elected to nitrate p-xylene because this compound has only one mononitro- and trinitro- isomer. Trinitro-p-xylene was used as a starting material for the synthesis of other compounds in subsequent work. The mononitration of p-xylene can be easily carried out at 30°C. Nitro-p-xylene is easily nitrated to dinitro-p-xylene at a temperature of 80°C. The trinitro-p-xylene can be obtained at 120°C. Single crystals of 2,3-dinitro-p-xylene and 2,3,5-trinitro-p-xylene were grown using the slow cooling method and we report the X-ray structure of the former. The thermal decomposition of the compounds was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry-derivative thermogravimetry (TG-DTG) techniques and FT-IR. The target compounds w