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基于遗传算法的矩形件优化排样系统研究-机械设计及理论专业论文.docx

发布:2019-03-26约5.68万字共80页下载文档
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摘要 矩形件排祥是不规则零件排样的基础,国内外学者在这方面进行了很多探索, 提出了多种算法,本文在认真研究了这些算法的基础上,通过比较分析,提出了 一种针对矩形件排样的新算法. 以新算法为基础,本文采用 C++语言完成了自动排样系统的开发。在开发过程 中,全面考虑了实际排样所面临的种种问题,提出了用适应度函数经验值来估计 初始可排矩形件数目的方法:用矩形件放大的方法来消除切缝对排样图的影响。 在记采数据时采用数据比较记录的方法,将超边界的部分剔除 。 自í;}1排样完成了主要的排样工作,但一个完善的排样系统必须可以进行人机 交互寻优处理。由于自动排样系统事先只能初步估计待排矩形件的数目 F 所以自 动排样系统产生的排样图可能会因排入的零件太多而使得个别零件超出板材,或 因排入的零件太少而使板材无法排满。同时,自动排样系统产生的排样图还可以 通过零件之间互换位置,零件的旋转、移动等方式来对局部实现优化。本文在 AutoCAD 基础上成功地开发了一个人机交互寻优处理系统,这个系统充分利用了 AutoCAD 强大的图形操作处理功能,实现了对排样图的交互寻优。优化处理之后系 统将所有剩余的矩形件重新记录,以备下次自动排样时调用。 关键词z 遗传算法 面向对象 数据库 自动排样 人机交互寻优处理 程序开发 AutoCAD 二次开发 ActiveX 技术 Abstract Layout of rectangle parts is the foundation of layout of irregular parts about which domestic and overseas scholars have studies a lot and have put forw缸d many algorithms. This paper studies,conlp缸es and analyzes those algorithms and advances a new algorithm of layout of rectangle parts. Based on the new algorithm,this paper has developed an automatic layout system with C++ language. During the development ,problems of actual layout have been considered,both the method using the experiential value of fitness function to identify the number of the initial rectangle parts and the method of magnifying rectangle parts to eliminate the influence of cutting gap have been advanced. Comparative recording is used during data recording to eliminate the portion of exceeding boundary. Although the automatic layout system can fulfill the primary layout task,a perfect nesting system must be able to perfonn the human-computer reciprocal transaction. Because the number of rectangle can only be estimated in advance,so probably there is some rectangle exceeding the boundary because of allotting too much rectangle or too fewer rectangles is allotted results in the waste of materia1.Meanwhile ,the nesting map produced by the automatic nesting sy5tem may be local1y optimized through changing the mutual positions of the parts ,or revolving and moving the p缸t5. This paper successfully deve
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