英语语法讲义之过去完成时.ppt

动词时态 8种重要时态 一般 进行 完成 现在 一般现在时 do 现在进行时 is dong 现在完成时 have done 过去 一般过去时 did 过去进行时 was dong 过去完成时 had done 将来 一般将来时 will do 过去将来 过去将来时 would do By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 过去完成时 现在完成 time 过去完成 过 去 将 来 现 在 The Past Perfect Tense过去完成时 二、过去完成时的构成 助动词 had (用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词 When I got to school, the bell had rung. 一、过去完成时的概念 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。 当我到学校时，铃声已经响过了。 I got home now 9:00pm 8:00pm My little brother went to bed By the time I got home ，my little brother had gone to bed. By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 我出去的时候,公共汽车已经开走了. by the time 意思是 “到…的时候”, 相当于 when , 后接过去时的句子 时, 主语的谓语动词用过去完成时态. 用法1：过去完成时动词表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时。 1.他说他以前见过你。 He said that he ______________ (see) you before. had seen 2.我出去的时候,公共汽车已经开走了. By the time I got outside, the bus ________________（leave）. had already left 三、过去完成时的用法 用法2：过去完成时动词可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或呈现的状态，这一动作一直持续 或将继续下去。 By six o’clock they ____________ (work)for eight hours. When I came to GangZhou , he _____________(be) there for a long time. 1. 到了六点钟为止，他们已经工作了八小时了。 2. 我到广州时，他在那里很长时间了。 had worked had been 用法3. 过去完成时和 already, just, ever, yet 等连用表示过去的过去。 1. 他告诉我说他们队已经赢了。 He told me that his team _________ already ___________ (win). had won 2. 她说她还没去过长城。 She said that she _______________(not be to) the Great Wall yet. hadn’t been to 四、过去完成时的判断依据: 1.由“过去的过去”来判断：通常句子中有明显表示过去的动作或时间，而谓语部分的动作发生在过去的动作或时间之前；或者由already/just/ever/yet等词判断。 2. 由时间状语来判定：一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。如by the time； by+过去的时间；before+过去的时间等。 (1) by + 过去的时间点。如： 昨天晚上九点前我已经读完这本小说了。 I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night. (2) by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： 截止到上学期末，我们已经学了两千多个英文单词了。 We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. (3) before + 过去的时间点。如： 上周三以前他们已经中了六百棵树了。 They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 1. We ___________(learn) two thousands words by the