The most efficient algorithm to solve a Rubik’s （最有效的算法来解决一个魔术）.pdf

The most efficient algorithm to solve a Rubik’s cube Science Research project Justin Marcellienus 10 Polding Page | 1 The most efficient algorithm to solve a Rubik’s cube Aim Constructing a Lego Rubik’s cube solver (most efficient method of solving a Rubik’s cube) Introduction The Rubiks Cube is a 3-D combination puzzle invented in 1974 by Hungarian sculptor and professor of architecture Ernő Rubik. Since then its immense success has led to it becoming the world’s most successful toy in history with nearly 350 million units being sold worldwide. Despite the relatively simple concept, the cube has over 43 Quintillion (43,252,003,274,489,856,000) different combinations of scrambling. Nevertheless the legal arrangement of the Rubik’s Cube can be solved in 20 moves or fewer, with the use of a variety of algorithms. The most important part of solving a Rubiks Cube is understanding how it works. When looking at a Rubiks Cube, there are six sides, each containing nine pieces. The sides can be rotated in many ways, but regardless of what is done to the cube (unless taken apart) the centre pieces dont move with respect to each other. Therefore, when the cube is being solved, the central pieces cannot move position. The Rubik’s can be solved using a range of different algorithms ranging from layered, which can be done by hand using patterns, or heuristic which require complex equations that subdivide a cube requiring connection to a PC for extra operating power. The problem that will be investigated is the construction of a Rubik’s cube solver using Lego Mindstorms (robotics kit) and using software to test several different algorithms/methods of solving the cube. Each method is used to solve a standard 3x3 Rubik’s cube to determine which algorithm would take the least number of moves within the least period of time. To understand the algo