2017整理chapter 1 introduction.ppt

The functions of the Immune System Function physical reaction pathologic reaction (advantages) (disadvantages) Immunological defense Immunological homeostasis Immunological surveillance Cleaning pathogenic microorganisms and other antigen Hypersensitivity Immunodeficiency Cleaning damage cells and aging cells Cleaning mutant or deformation malignant cells Malignant tumor Autoimmune diseases Immune organs （免疫器官） Immune cells （免疫细胞） Immune molecules （免疫分子） Basic Components of the Immune System Immune organs Immune molecules Basic Components of the Immune System Central lymphoid organ Peripheral lymphoid organ Membranous secretory bone marrow thymus spleen lymphoid nodes MALT TCR BCR CD Molecule MHC Adhesion molecule Ig Complement cytokine Stem cell Lymphocyte Monocyte macrophage Dendritic cells mononuclear Other cell Granulocytes Mast cell Platelets erythrocyte Immune cells I Immune cells II immune molecules 抗体 （antibody） 主要组织相容性复合体 （MHC） T 细胞受体TCR 抗体(Antibody) 免疫球蛋白 （Immunoglobulin Ig） 活化B细胞 （Activated B cell） 浆细胞 (plasma cell) function Central lymphoid organs: THYMUS BONE MARROW Peripheral lymphoid organs LYMPHODES SPLEEN MUCOSAL-ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID TISSUE 3 Immune organs 4 Immunological memory Immunologica memory—— vaccine(疫苗) and anti-infection The immune system remembers if it has seen an antigen before and it reacts to secondary exposures to an antigen in a manner different than after a primary exposure. Generally only an exposure to the same antigen will illicit this memory response A B C D E Anti-C antibody Bm cell days First response to antigen C Antigen C immunity Antigen C Antigen B immunity Immunologica memory—— the difference between the first and secondary response Anti-C antibody Bm cell Antibody concentration First response to antigen B Secondar