IIR数字滤波器的设计与MATLAB验证.doc

摘 要 在许多应用中，数字滤波器与模拟滤波器相比因为具有多个优势而被优先采用，例如数据压缩，生物医学信号处理，语音处理，图象处理，数据传输，数字音频，电话回声对消，等等。数字滤波器按类型分为2大类: 无限冲激响应IIR 和有限冲激响应FIR 数字滤波器。与FIR数字滤波器相比,IIR数字滤波器可以用较低的阶数获得高选择性, 所要求的阶所用存储单元少, 且成本低、信号延迟小, 同时还可以利用模拟滤波器设计成果, 设计工作量相对较小，因此IIR 数字滤波器在很多领域中有着更广阔的应用前景。此外，它还具有以下特点：1.精度和稳定性高，2.系统函数易改，3.不存在阻抗匹配问题，4.便于大规模集成，5.可实现多维数字滤波器。 Verilog HDL是一种硬件描述语言（HDL:Hardware Discription Language），是一种以文本形式来描述数字系统硬件的结构和行为的语言，用它可以表示逻辑电路图、逻辑表达式，还可以表示数字逻辑系统所完成的逻辑功能。 Quartus II 是Altera公司的综合性PLD开发软件，支持原理图、VHDL、VerilogHDLAHDL（Altera Hardware Description Language）PLD设计流程。 木文在分析了各种IIR实现结构的基础上，研究了IIR数字滤波器的常用设计方法及其FPGA的设计与实现，在IIR实现方面，采用Verilog HDL语言编写相应的硬件实现程序，并利用Altera公司的Quartus II软件进行了仿真，最后用Matlab进行了验证。 关键词：Verilog HDL；FPGA；IIR；QUARTUS；滤波器ABSTRACT Compared with analog filters digital filters are preferred in a number of applications because of more advantages , for example, data compressions, biomedical signal processing, speech processing, image processing, data transmission, digital audio, telephone echo cancellation and so on. Digital filter can be devided into two classes:infinite impulse response?digital filter ,IIRand finite impulse response digital filter,FIR. Infinite impulse response?digital filter has a great prospects of application in lots of field. Compared with the finite impulse response digital filter, it can get highly selective?with lower order, it can use a lower order of the high selectivity, requested by the band with less storage unit, and low cost, small signal delay, and also can use the simulation results filter design, design work is relatively small. It has the following characteristics: 1. Precision and high stability, 2. Functions easily changed, 3. There is no impedance matching, 4. Facilitate the large-scale integration, 5. Multi-dimensional digital filter can be realized. Verilog HDL is a hardware description language (HDL: Hardware Discription Language),and is a kind of language that describes the structure and behavior of the system hardware in text form