高一化学复习提纲（High chemistry review outline）.doc

高一化学复习提纲（High chemistry review outline） The first chapter Can be heated directly: test tube, crucible, evaporating dish, combustion spoon Heated with asbestos net: beaker, flask, conical bottle Some common hazardous chemicals are commonly used in accident treatment Operation steps and precautions of filtration, evaporation, distillation, extraction (extraction agent selection principle, etc.) and the types of separated substances (the function of glass rods) 1 stir and dissolve 2 drainage prevents splattering Prevent local overheating and make small droplets splash The steps of crude salt purification: the order of reagents: Na2CO3 must be added to the BaCl2. HCl is plus. (in three order) Test SO42 - : add HCl, and if no white precipitation is added to BaCl2, there is a white deposition to prove SO42. The purpose of adding hydrochloric acid is to exclude the interference of Ag + SO32 - CO32 - PO43 -. The amount of matter represents the collective of a certain number of particles. (mol) 6.02 times 1023 mol - 1 is called avogadros constant (which has units) Quantities of matter represent microscopic concepts: atoms, molecules, ions, atoms, electrons, protons, neutrons, etc. So its usually expressed in terms of chemical formulas. Molar mass is the mass of 1 mole. In numerical terms, it is equal to its molecular mass or relative atomic mass. (g/mol) M = n * m n = n * NA Gas molar volume: the same volume of gas contains the same number of molecules under the same pressure. (the same amount of matter) Under standard conditions (0 ℃ 101 kpa) gas molar volume of 22.4 L/mol. Only the gas has a molar volume. Under the standard conditions: 22.4 = V/n Quantity of substance = volume of material of solute/volume of solution (L) CB = nB/V (aq) The preparation of a substances concentration solution: The principle of eight words: it is said that the solution cold is changed And the corresponding error analysis. Apparatus: beaker, volumetric flask (marked volume), glass rod, glue hea