浅谈that在从句中的用法 [2].doc

浅谈that在从句中的用法 摘要：that在英语中是一个非常常见的单词，它之所以常见，不仅仅是因为它是一个在生活中常常要用到它，更因为它的用法相当的多。因此，同学们在使用that这个单词时，总会出现这样那样的问题，特别是that在从句中的使用,更是令同学们常常模棱两可，分辨不清。 关键词：that 用法 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 目的状语从句 定语从句 that在英语中是一个非常常见的单词，它之所以常见，不仅仅是因为它是一个在生活中常常要用到的字，更因为它的用法相当的多。因此，同学们在使用that这个单词时，总会出现这样那样的问题，特别是that在从句中的使用,更是令同学们常常模棱两可，分辨不清。但考试中又常出现，让我们和学生都比较头痛。我觉得要解决这个问题，首先要让学生弄清that在所引导的从句中它的词性，然后结合实例分析，这样学生就可一目了然了。具体来说，that可作连词或关系代词。具体的作用如下： 一．that引导主语从句(subject clauses)，在句中充当主语的成分。that在句中无实义，但放在句首时不能省略： a．that the attempt to save her had succeeded became widely known. b．that they did not tell us about their problems is a pity. 这种结构主要是对that从句的内容进行强调，属正式文体，that the attempt to save her had succeeded和that they did not tell us about their problems在句中都分别作了主语。但为了避免显得头重脚轻，常把that从句移到句子后面，而把it放在句首，作形式主语，此时that可以省。上面两个句子就可改为: a. it is widely known (that) the attempt to save her had succeeded b. it is a pity (that) they did not tell us about their problems. 如果整个句子是疑问形式，就只能用先行it结构,例如： a. is it true that he would take the risk ? b. is it possible that they will come tomorrow ? 在主语从句中， 常使用先行it结构，用that从句作主语的句子主要有下列几个句型： (1)、it + be + 形容词 + that从句： it is necessary that you come to school every sunday. it’s strange that she should gain the full marks. (2)、it + be + 名词词组 + that从句： it’s a great pity that you such a stupid idea that day. (3)、it + 及物动词 + 宾语 + that从句： it worried her a bit that she became fatter and fatter. it shocked me that peter didn’t tell anybody where he was. (4)、it + be + 过去分词 + that从句： it is said that he has been there many times. (5)、：在一些谓语动词为不及物动词（如：appear，happen， seem， turn out等）的句子中，主语从句也后置，而把it放在句首，作形式主语。 it happened that i saw your brother yesterday。 it seems that he has lost something. 注意：在上述第(1)和第(2)两种句型中，that从句前置与使用先行it，that从句后置在意义上没有什么差异；但使用先行it结构较为常见。 二 。 that引导宾语从句(object clauses)，放在动词、介词和一些表示人的感情或情绪的形容词后面，在句中充当宾语的成分，口语中that常省略。这类动词常为及物动词如say，tell，ask，think，declare，reply，require，etc；形容词如afraid，certain，glad，angry，aware，grateful，anxious，delighted，pleased，satisfie