语法专讲----定语从.ppt

语法专讲----定语从句  定语的定义： 定语是用来说明名词或代词的品质与特征的词或词组。 A. 可用作定语的有形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、从句和句子等。 a)?形容词adj.及b)?副词Adv. This girl is a natural musician. I ’ll recommend an interesting film to you.  b)?副词Adv. the room above the factory there the world today the way out the people here c) 名词noun. a baby girl a woman doctor sports car women doctors well water a fool’s paradise the works of Shakespeare 1）? horror films /horrible films2）? a wonder book/a wonderful book3）? stone path /a stony path d) 代词Pronoun.及e) 数词Num. Your hair needs cutting. He is a friend of mine. Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. There’s only one way to do it. Do it now. You may not get a second chance. Lesson One Room 205 f)?不定式 I have an important meeting to attend. That’s the way to do it. He has a wish to travel around the world. I am pleased to have this chance to talk to you about the UN. *It’s time for us to go.  g) 动名词 walking stick 手杖sleeping pills 安眠药drinking water 饮用水learning method 学习方法 h) 分词 a walking dictionary活字典 a sleeping child正在睡梦的小孩 a drinking man嗜酒者 a retired worker退休工人 a returned student一个归国留学生 a faded flower 一朵凋谢的花朵 The boy riding a white horse is my brother. My visits will encourage people working on the projects. the urgent problems caused by wars and conflicts ?? i) 介词短语 He always has a clear insight into what is needed. 他总是能够洞察需要什么. the research into the spread of AIDS 定语从句 语法意义：在复合句中，用一个由主谓结构组成的陈述句修饰某一个名词或代词的句子就叫作定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词； 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。其有三： 1）放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用；2）在定语从句中还担任了一定的成分；3）重现（代替）先行词的意义，所以其数与先行词一致。 普通代词与关系代词的差别及区分 普通代词只起着代替作用，代替前面提到的某人或某物；而关系代词则不同。 试区分以下句子中的关系代词与普通代词：1)I have a good friend. She works in Guangzhou . I have a good friend who / that works in Guangzhou . 2)The building is our science lab._ It _ stands over there.The building that / which stands over there is our science lab. C. 先行词与关系代词的种类： 先行词指人时主格 who, that 宾格 whom, who ,that所有格whose 先行词指物时（除了人以外）主格 which,