antiviral resistance and the control of pandemic influenza抗病毒阻力和大流行性流感的控制.pdf

PLoS MEDICINE Antiviral Resistance and the Control of Pandemic Influenza Marc Lipsitch1,2*, Ted Cohen1,3, Megan Murray1,3,4, Bruce R. Levin5 1 Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 2 Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 3 Division of Social Medicine and Health Inequalities, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 4 Division of Infectious Diseases and General Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 5 Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America Funding: This work was supported A B S T R A C T by US National Institutes of Health grants K08 AI055985 (TC), R01 AI40662 (BRL), and cooperative agreement 5U01GM076497 (Models Background of Infectious Disease Agent Study, ML). The funders had no role in The response to the next influenza pandemic will likely include extensive use of antiviral study design, data collection and drugs (mainly oseltamivir), combined with other transmission-reducing measures. Animal and analysis, decision to publish, or in vitro studies suggest that some strains of influenza may become resistant to oseltamivir preparation of the manuscript. while maintaining infectiousness (fitness). Use of antiviral agents on the scale anticipated for Competing Interests: The authors the control of pandemic influenza will create an unprecedented selective pressure for the have declared that no competing interests exist. emergence and spread of th