劳动教养制度的存废与立法完善.pdf

摘 要 劳动教养是在特殊历史时期产生的，曾经发挥了重要而积极的作用。如今， 其设立之时所要实现的功能和目标早已不复存在，随着国家法治化进程的逐步 完善，特别是人民群众对法律、人权和公平正义的重视和期待，这一制度本身 在理论层面和实践操作层面上的弊端不断显现。多年来，很多专家学者和理论 界人士以及广大劳动教养实务工作者对劳动教养制度的存续和废除进行了不懈 的探索、研究和争论，表达了多种不同的观点。中共中央做出改革劳动教养制 度的决定后，十届全国人大将《违法行为矫治法》列入当届立法规划，但由于 立法中的一些关键问题没有解决，该法始终未提交讨论。 本文从解决《违法行为矫治法》立法的关键问题着眼，总结了劳动教养制 度在维护国家政权和社会稳定方面的历史功绩，指出该制度在理论层面和操作 层面存在的现实弊端，介绍了国际上与劳动教养制度相似的法律制度，如轻罪 制度、保安处分制度、少年司法制度等，分析了这些制度与我国劳动教养制度 之异同，列举了有关专家学者关于劳动教养存废之争的不同理论观点，在此基 础上，提出自己对《违法行为矫治法》立法中一些关键问题，如违法行为教育 矫治制度的性质、适用对象、审批程序、矫治期限等的初步见解。 关键词：劳动教养；立法；违法行为矫治法 4 Abstract The system of Re-education through Labor was generated at the special historical period, once playing an important and positive role at that time. But now the objectives and functions to be achieved of establishing the RTL system have not existed yet. With the gradual improvement of the legal system and the expectation of justice and human rights c oncerned by the people, the shortcomings of the RTL system in the theoretical and practical aspects begin to appear constantly. In the past years, with continuous exploration, the disputes and the research on maintaining or abolishing the RTL system have been carried out through various opinions by experts, academicians and law practitioners in the field of RTL administration. After the Central Committee of Communist Party made the decision to reform the RTL system, the 10th National People’s Congress put drafting the law on the corrections to behaviors violating laws on the legislative agenda. But for some key problems have not been solved yet in the legislative process, the draft has not been proposed to discussion all along. This thesis su