新编大学英语BookUnit课后练习解答及课文翻译.doc
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Unit 5 Dreams
课内阅读
参考译文
你做梦吗?
1 梦,我们为什么REM (眼睛迅速转动) 睡眠阶段时醒来,才会记住所做的梦。眼睛迅速转动阶段便是我们做梦的时候。每晚我们有四、五个REM睡眠阶段,第一次出现在入睡后的90分钟左右。此后,梦期每90分钟复现一次,每次持续15到45分钟,持续时间随着夜晚的深入逐渐增长。
3 睡眠的主要目的(除让我们休息外)也许就是让我们做梦——让我们以一种截然不同的方式回顾我们的生活、我们的忧虑和希望,以及在潜意识中观察自我,把不再需要的资料从记忆中剔除。
4 有些梦可能是由简单的生理原因引起的。例如,梦到在灼热的煤块上行走很可能是因为睡眠时脚太靠近取暖器。而梦到想跑但两腿却动弹不了这种令人沮丧的境况,也许是被子裹得太紧的缘故。闹铃响了而依然熟睡的人则很可能会梦到门铃或电话铃响。所有这些都是潜意识和意识共同引导和启示我们的简单例子。
5 不过这些从生理的角度进行的解释尚不足以说明为什么我们会做梦。有些人认为梦纯粹是无稽之谈,仅仅是人脑中电脉冲无的放矢的结果,然而,有些人则认为最简单的梦都具有重要的含义。
6 有些梦反映的内心忧虑是立即可以识别的。梦见失去工作或者没了房子,也许是反映了真实的忧虑,即便这些忧虑只是潜意识的。我们大多数人都梦见过必须参加一门很难的课程的期末考试,也许是一门从未修过的,或许是学得很糟的课程。
7 但是,有一些梦并没有这样明显的含义,这是怎么回事呢?III. Post-Reading
Reading Comprehension
1. Understanding the Organization of the Passage
I. Introduction: Questions concerning dreams have puzzled human beings. (Para. 1)
II. Dreaming and sleeping (Para. 2-3)
i) When does dreaming occur?
When we are in REM sleep.
ii) What are the main purposes of sleeping?
To give us rest and to allow us to dream.
III. Possible causes of dreams (Para. 4-6)
i) Physiological.
Example: Sleeping with one’s feet too close to a heater may cause one to dream of walking on hot coals.
ii) Reflection of inner fears.
Example: Worrying about losing one’s job may cause one to dream of losing one’s job.
IV. Dream interpretation (Para. 7-9)
i) The earliest dream dictionary included symbols such as drinking wine to indicate a short life and drinking water to indicate a long life.
ii) Artemidorus’ dictionary includes symbols such as right hand (father), left hand (mother) and dolphin (a good omen).
iii) Most experts warn that dream interpretations should be treated with care.
2. Understanding Specific Information
1) T 2) T 3) T 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) T 8) T 9) F 10) F
3. Comparing Views
Samples
― I agree with Saunders’ opinion. First, different people have different social backgrounds and experiences. They may see the world in different ways. Second, I don’t think dream
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