2019版高考英语(江苏版)一轮配套-专题五-非谓语动词.pptx

高考英语专题五 非谓语动词考点一????非谓语动词作状语一、不定式、分词作状语的基本原则不定式、分词作状语时,不定式、分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致,即不定式、分词作状语时必须和句子主语含有逻辑上的主动或被动关系,否则一般不能使用不定式、分词作状语。二、不定式作状语1.不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语的情况较多,如果强调目的性时,不定式前还可加in order或so as,构成“in order to do”或“so as to do”结构。“in order to do”结构作目的状语时,可以放在句首也可放在句中;“so as to do”结知识清单 基础知识 构只能放在句中。 Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four times a year (so as/in order)to visit her.她母亲计划每年至少四次飞到北京来看她。Bob took down my telephone number so as/in order not to forget it.鲍勃记下了我的电话号码以免忘记。2.不定式作结果状语不定式作结果状语常用在下列句式中:so...as to;such...as to;...enough to;only to(常表示意外的或事与愿违的结果);too...to等。I??m not so stupid(a fool) as to write it down.我不至于愚蠢到会把它写下来。I??m too tired to stay up longer.我太累了,不能再熬夜了。注意:在only too...to结构中,too...to...并非是“太……而不能……”之意。此时,与too...to...搭配的形容词常见的有pleased,ready,willing,glad,happy等。 I??m only too glad to take a job like that.我非常高兴得到那样一份工作。3.不定式作原因状语形容词作表语时,后面可接不定式作原因状语,用以说明产生这种情绪的原因。用于这类结构中的形容词常见的有:happy,glad,sorry,anxious,proud,disappointed,surprised,ready,delighted,pleased等。My grandfather was delighted to hear I had passed my exams.(牛津必5,三)我祖父听说我通过了考试十分高兴。4.在“主语+系动词+表语(形容词)+to do”结构中,句子的主语与动词不定式有逻辑上的被动关系,且形容词表示主语的特征或性质,这时,需用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。该结构中常用的形容词有:easy,hard,difficult,important,impossible,interesting,pleasant,nice,comfortable,safe,dangerous等。This question is easy to answer.这个问题容易回答。This book is difficult to understand.这本书很难理解。The young man is hard to communicate with.这个年轻人很难沟通。三、分词作状语1.分词作状语时其形式的选择形式意义v.-ing(doing)与句子主语为逻辑上的主动关系,与句子谓语动词动作同时发生,或基本上同时发生having+v.-ed(having done)与句子主语为逻辑上的主动关系,先于谓语动词动作发生v.-ed(done)与句子主语为逻辑上的被动关系,表完成being+v.-ed(being done)与句子主语为逻辑上的被动关系,且与谓语动词动作同时发生having been+v.-ed(having been done)与句子主语为逻辑上的被动关系,且先于谓语动词动作发生2.分词作状语的句法功能分词作状语时,可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。为了强调,还可与while,when,once,if,unless等连词连用。When offered help,one often says“Thank you”or “It??s kind of you”.(时间)当被提供帮助的时候,人们常说“Thank you”或“It??s kind of you”。Separated from other continents for millions of years,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other c