高考英语专题复习－非谓语动词.ppt

非谓语动词一：巧解分词作状语 口决：逻辑主谓用现分；逻辑动宾用过分；没有逻辑用独立；分谓同时一般式；分前谓后完成式；正在被动being done；完被须用having being done解析： 1.逻辑主谓用现分:当句中主语与分词存在逻辑主谓关系,即分词所表示的动作实际是主语发出的,此时应用现在分词作状语,e.g: ①Climing to the top of the tower, we saw a beautiful view. ②Having written down our names and addresses, the policeman dismissed us. ③He went out shutting the door behind him. ④He ran up to her breathing heavily. 2.逻辑动宾用过分:即分词与句中主语存在逻辑动宾关系，也就是说，主语是被动的或主语逻辑上是分词的宾语则应用过去分词作状语，eg： ①Defeated，he ran away. ②Seen from the hill, the park looks beautiful. ③Once published, this dictionary will be very popular. ④Given more time,we could do it better. ⑤He came in followed by a dog. 3.没有逻辑用独立:指分词与句中主语既不存在逻辑主谓关系,也不存在逻辑动宾关系,此时分词前要加上它的逻辑主语,所加上的逻辑主语与分词存在逻辑主谓关系则用现在分词,所加上的逻辑主语与分词存在动宾关系则用过去分词,eg: ①The boy rushed into the classroom, his face covered with sweat. ②All things considered, your article is of greater value than hers. ③Weather permitting, we shall go outing. ④Time permitting, we shall go to the cinema with you. ⑤My work having been finished, I went home. ⑥Homework finished, he went to bed. ⑦The dark clouds having disappeared, the sun shone again. ⑧The question being settled, we went home. ⑨This task finished,we went to have dinner. ⑩The sun having risen,the fog soon disappeared. 注⒈分词的独立结构前可用with/without, eg. ①Without any money left, he had to borrow some from his friends. ②With him sitting next to her, she felt safe. ③With John leading us,we managed to get out of the forest. ④Without anyone noticing,he came in. ⑤He came back with a basket filled with eggs. 注⒉独立主格结构还有下列几种形式: ⑴逻辑主语＋形容词 ①He walked out of the room, his face red with anger. ②Tome walked into the room,his face pale with illness. ③John walked past me, his head high in the sky. ⑵逻辑主语＋副词 ①The film over, we left the cinema. ②Nobody in, the thief broke into the cinema. ③The programme on, the children stopped talking. ④The meeting over, they left the hall. ⑶逻辑主语＋介词短语 ①The professor entered the room, book in hand. ②The woman sat at the room, boy in