冠词精讲.doc

冠词精讲 英文中冠词（Article）“三词2/3类”：不定冠词（the Indefinite Article）（a/an）、定冠词（the Definite Article）（the）或不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词。冠词是一种虚词，起限定作用，是最主要最典型的限定词，放在名词（或名词化的形容词或副词）前面，说明起所指的人或物。The gentleman, who is a European, is an expert in language teaching. 一、 不定冠词的基本用法 不定冠词a/an与数词one同源，是“一个”的意思，和单数可数名词连用，表示某类人或东西中的一个。但a/an侧重指事物的类属，而one曾中指数量。 The path is just wide enough for a car to pass through. The path is just wide enough for one car to pass through. 1. 不定冠词a和an的用法区别： an island　 a small island　an hour/an honor a horse　an honest man　an ounce a house an umbrella a university　a one-act play　an MTV program　an 8-year-old girl 2. 不定冠词用于单数可数名词之前，可以表示其全类（以其中的一个来代表一类；用一个人或东西来说明整个类属的特点）： In grammar, a noun is a word which is used to refer to a person, a thing, or an abstract idea. A steel worker makes steel.　An Englishman speaks English. A square has four sides.　　 A cow produces milk.　 A teacher must love his students. The best way to learn a language is to live among its speakers. Even a child can answer this question. A mountain is bigger and higher than a hill. 3. 不定冠词用于表示类别，指某一类人或某一类事物中的一个：My uncle is an engineer. 4.指某人或某物但不具体说明何人何物：He taught math in a middle school two years ago. 5. 指事物的单位，含有“每”字之意：We work 8 hours a day. 二、定冠词的基本用法 定冠词the与指示代词this, that同源。单数名词或复数名词，可数名词或不可数名词之前，都可以使用定冠词 1． 定冠词用来特指某（些）人或某（些）物。被短语或定语从句修饰的名词，都有特指（即表示某个或某些特定的人或事物）之意，在该名词之前，一般要使用定冠词： The TV set in her room is a new one.　　　　　 Is this the girl you saw yesterday? The friendship between our two people is unbreakable.　 It is the title of the chapter. 2．指说话的双方都知道的人或事物。Turn off the lights before you leave. Close the door, please. We all enjoyed the film very much 3．复诉上文中提到的事物。 There’s a shelf in my father’s room. The shelf is mew. On the shelf there are some books. The books are very useful. When he was a child, he worked for a landlord.The landlord was very cruel. 4．用于单数可数名词之前，表示其全类（用来指出事物的整体，暗示与其他类事物区别开来）：The lion is the king of beasts.　　 The fox may grow gray, but never good. 5．发明物前往往用定冠词 Alexander Grah