风湿免疫科常用药物概述.ppt
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TNF-a blocker Etanercept Infliximab Adalimumab 安全性:细菌感染 结核活动 恶性肿瘤 脱髓鞘 充血性心衰 商品名 英文名 成分 用法 适应症 益赛普 Enbrel/Etanercept 重组TNF-α受体融合蛋白 50mg biw,ih 3m—50mg qw RA、AS、JIA、PsA 类克 Remicade/inflixmab 抗TNF-α抗体 3~10mg/kg iv ,0、2、6w ,以后每8w 1次 RA、IBD、AS、PsA 阿达木单抗 Humira/Adalimumab 抗TNF-α抗体 80mg,40mg/2w,ih RA、PsA、AS、CD 阿那白滞素 Anakinra/ Kineret IL-1受体拮抗剂 100mg ih qd RA、AOSD 托珠单抗 Tocilizumab/Actemra 抗IL-6R单抗 4mg~8mg/kg 1/4w RA 阿巴西普 Abatacept/ Orentia CTLA4-Ig融合蛋白 RA 美罗华 Rituximab 抗CD20单抗 375mg/m2, 1/3~4w SLE、RA(RF阳性) 生物制剂 * CTX抑制T、B淋巴细胞增殖,治疗早期首先抑制B淋巴细胞,降低Ig水平, * Abatacept acts at an early stage of the RA pathogenic pathway, more proximal than the TNF antagonists. Rather than blocking cytokines, abatacept is a fusion protein that binds to and blocks costimulatory proteins. For a T cell to become activated, a number of events must take place. An antigen must be expressed and presented to the T-cell receptor. Further, the T cell needs costimulation. It must receive appropriate secondary signals through CD-80 and 86 binding to CD-28 for the cell to proceed with activation. If that second signaling process is interrupted, T cells can be prevented from initiating activation as well as the recruitment of additional cells in the immunologic cascade. There may be other mechanisms in play but, in essence, the initiating event that leads to inflammatory effects is blocked. 风湿免疫科常用药物概述 分类 解热镇痛药NSAIDs 糖皮质激素 改变病情抗风湿药物 生物制剂 花生四烯酸 COX1 组成性表达 COX2 炎症刺激诱导表达 胃肠保护作用 血小板活性 肾保护作用 前列腺素 前列腺素 炎症 疼痛 发热 COX2选择性NSAIDs 非选择性NSAIDs × × × 不良反应: 消化道出血 肾脏损害 血液系统毒性 … NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-- NSAIDs 抗炎、解热、镇痛--症状性治疗 分类:COX非特异性抑制:吲哚美辛、布洛芬、萘普生; COX-1特异性抑制:小剂量asipirin; COX-2选择性抑制:美洛昔康、考昔类; COX-2特异性抑制:昔布类; 不良反应: 胃肠道不良事件(首选COX-2、前体药物、肠溶的、非口服) 心血管事件—罗非昔布退市 肾毒性 过敏(光过敏、S-J Syn. 哮喘)
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