lesson 1 introduction.ppt

Environmental Protection and Management Lecturer: D Guan Lecture 1 1. Concepts Environment The set of circumstances and conditions that surround one or group of organisms, as well as the complex of social or cultural conditions that affect an individual or community. Natural environment The collectivity of natural causing stuff which affect human beings directly or indirectly. Artificial environment The environmental elements causing by human activities. Ecosystem A region in which the organisms and the physical environment form an interacting unit. Environmental science civil engineering, public health, ecology, chemistry, meteorology. 2. Environmental Degradation Human beings activity destroy the balance of nature ecosystem, that resulting the affect to human living and improvement. Current Situations Half the worlds wetlands were lost in the last 100 years. Nearly 3/4 of the worlds major marine fish stocks are over-fished or are being harvested beyond a sustainable rate. Soil degradation has affected 2/3 of the worlds agricultural lands in the last 50 years. Land conversion and logging have shrunk the worlds forests by as much as 50%. Why? Population Growth almost 6.5 billion people now occupy the earth, and we are adding about 85 million more each year. In the next decade, most population growth will be in the poorer countries - countries where present populations already strain resources and services. Resource Extraction and Use burning of fossil fuels destruction of tropical rainforests and other biologically rich landscapes production of toxic wastes 3. Environmental Engineering engineering thought and practice of: public water supplies ; wastewater and solid wastes disposal or recycling; drainage of urban and rural areas; control of water, soil, and atmospheric pollution and the social and environmental impact of these solutions. public health, elimination of industrial health hazards, provision of sanitation in urban, rural, and recreati