说明成果terms条款.pdf

1-Statistics:-Thefieldofstatisticsisbroadlydefinedasthemethodsandproceduresfor

collecting,classifying,summarizing,andanalyzingdata,andutilizingthedatatotestscientific

hypotheses.ThetermstatisticsisderivedfromtheLatinforstate,andoriginallyreferredto

informationgatheredinvariouscensusesthatcouldbenumericallysummarizedtodescribe

aspectsofthestate,e.g.,bushelsofwheatperyear,numberofmilitaryagemen,etc.

OR

-Astatisticisasummarydescriptivecharacteristicofasampleobservations.Theaveragevalue

ofthedatasetwouldbeanexampleofastatistic.Asamplestatisticistypicallyusedto

estimate(orinferinformationabout)acorrespondingpopulationparameter.

2-Population:-Apopulationisacollection,orset,ofindividuals,objects,or

measurementsaboutwhomwewishtomakeinferences.Itisnotlimitedonlytoa

collectionofpeople.Itisverylarge.

Ex.-Thesetof“alldiabeticmalesoverage50”isanexampleofawell-defined

population.

3-Sample:-Asampleisasubsetofpopulation.Theresultofthesamplewillbeusedto

infergeneralizationofthepopulation.

4-Parameter:-Aparameterisasummarydescriptivecharacteristicofapopulationof

observations.Theaverageweightofalldiabeticsoverage50isanillustrationofa

parameter.AparameteristypicallysymbolizedbyaGreekletter.

2

Ex.-μ-Themean(oraverage)ofapopulation,σ-Thevarianceofapopulationetc….

5-Variables:-Avariableisacharacteristicofinterestabouteachindividualelementofa

populationorsample.Examplesofvaria