【高中综合】高中化学（High school chemistry）.doc

【高中综合】高中化学（High school chemistry） High school chemistry. TXT is in a bad mood today. I have only four sentences to say. Include the sentence and the preceding two sentences. My words are more wicked than he is to deal with the wicked. To deal with a despicable man is to be more despicable than he is, and to be in love with you, my lover. Cashier: no change, please find two plastic bags. 1. Valence (the valence of common elements) : Alkali metals, Ag, H: + 1 F: - 1 Ca, Mg, Ba, Zn: + 2 Cl: -1, + 1, + 5, + 7 Cu: + 1, + 2 O: -2 Fe: + 2, + 3 S: -2, + 4, + 6 Al: + 3 P: -3, + 3, + 5 Mn: + 2, + 4, + 6, + 7, N: -3, + 2, + 4, + 5 2. REDOX reaction Definition: the reaction of electron transfer (or valence) Essence: electron transfer (including gain and loss of electrons) Features: ups and down of valence The oxidizing agent (the oxidized) - the electron - is reduced by the reduction of the valence - the reduced product Reductant (with reductive) - the loss of electrons - a rise in valence - oxidized - oxidized product Tips: get -- go -- get back -- oxidizer Loss - liter - oxidation - reducing agent 3. Metal activity sequence table K Ca Na Mg Al Zn Fe Sn Pb (H) Cu Hg Ag Pt Au The progenicity is decreasing 4. Ionic reaction Definition: reactions with ion participation Electrolyte: a compound that conducts electricity in an aqueous solution or in a molten state Non-electrolyte: a compound that cannot conduct electricity in aqueous solution and in molten state Writing of ion equations: Step 1: write. Write the chemical equation Step 2: tear down. Dissolved in water and easily ionized substances into ionic forms; Undissolved (such as CaCO3, BaCO3, BaSO4, AgCl, AgBr, AgI, Mg (OH) 2 and Al (OH) 3, Fe (OH) 2, Fe (OH) 3, Cu (OH) 2, etc.), difficult ionization (H2CO3, H2S, CH3COOH, HClO, H2SO3, NH3? H2O, H2O, etc.), gas (CO2, SO2 and NH3, Cl2, O2, H2, etc.), oxide (Na2O, MgO style, Al2O3, etc.) is not hurt Step 3: delete. Remove all the ions before and after Step 4: check. Check the num