商务英语(学生拷).ppt

International Business English by Zhu Bi Jun 4. What is the main process of the international trade of commodities ? enquiry----negotiation---signing contract ---commitment of the contract--settlement of dispute negotiation: quality, quantity, price, packing, shipment time, payment mode, (settlement of dispute) Commodity: hard disk USD 60.00 / piece Specification: 80 GB Quality: Chinese standard ? European standard? US standard? Quantity: ? Price: ? Packing: ordinary / special / as required Shipment time: ? Payment mode: ? Letter of Credit = L / C Buyer (importer) seller (exporter) → money goods ↓ ↓↓ ↑ ↓ ↓ ↑ bank (L / C) → → → bank ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↑ ↓ ↑ ↓ ← ← ← ← shipment ← L / C = Letter of Credit establishment of L / C applicant = buyer / importer beneficiary=seller/ exporter ↓ ↑ issuing bank / opening bank → advising bank / negotiation of L / C ( presentation of documents ) applicant = buyer / importer beneficiary=seller/ exporter