培养基的制备与高压灭菌（Preparation of medium and high pressure sterilization）.doc

培养基的制备与高压灭菌（Preparation of medium and high pressure sterilization） Preparation and sterilization of culture medium Two, principle 1. Culture medium (culture, medium): culture medium is a kind of matrix prepared by artificial method according to various nutrients needed for growth and reproduction of microorganism. Media: according to the composition of the culture can be divided into semi synthetic natural medium and synthetic medium, medium; according to different physical properties, can be divided into solid medium, semi solid medium and liquid medium; according to the special purpose can be divided into basic medium and enriched culture medium selection, medium and differential medium. The natural medium: is the main component of natural organic substances, such as potatoes, corn flour, soybean flour, bean juice, beef extract, peptone, serum, the components that are not fully understood, and each batch is not uniform. It is suitable for producing microorganisms on a large scale. The synthetic medium: chemical composition of a clear compounded medium. Such as: Gao medium and Czapek medium etc.. It is generally applicable to the study of microbial morphology, nutrition metabolism, classification and identification, bioassay, strain selection and genetic analysis within the laboratory scope. The semi synthetic medium: Based on natural organic matter, appropriate to add medium chemical ingredients known prepared. A wide range of applications, such as potato dextrose cultures, suitable for the growth of many molds The liquid culture medium: a culture medium with a good liquid state. Such as sugar fermentation liquid medium, peptone water medium and so on. Widely used in theoretical research and large-scale industrial fermentation. The solid medium in solid medium coagulant formed by liquid medium supplemented with. The commonly used agar, gelatin, silica gel with coagulant. Silica gel is used as a solid medium for preparing autotrophic microorganisms; agar is most su