2025年北京外国语大学英语专业(基础英语)真题试卷.pdf

海纳百川，有容乃大；壁立千仞，无欲则刚。——林则徐

2025年北京外国语大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷

(总分：60.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、阅读理解(总题数：2，分数：24.00)

Americansarelivinginanargumentculture.Thereisapervasivewarlikeatmospherethatmakes

usapproachpublicdialogue,andjustaboutanythingweneedtoaccomplish,asifitwereafight.

Thinkingofhumaninteractionsasbattlesisametaphoricalframethroughwhichwelearntoregard

theworldandthepeopleinit.Alllanguageusesmetaphorstoexpressideas;somemetaphoric

wordsandexpressionsarenovel,madeupfortheoccasion,butmorearecalcifiedinthelanguage.

Theyaresimplythewaywethinkitisnaturaltoexpressideas.Wedontthinkofthemasmetaphors.

Whensomeonesays,Dontpussyfootaround;gettothepoint,thereisnoexplicitcomparison

toacat,butthecomparisonistherenonetheless,impliedinthewordpussyfoot.Idoubtthat

individualsusingthewordpussyfootthinkconsciouslyofcats.Moreoftenthannot,weuse

expressionswithoutthinkingabouttheirmetaphoricimplications.Butthatdoesntmeanthose

implicationsarenotinfluencingus.Americanstalkaboutalmosteverythingasifitwereawar.

AbookaboutthehistoryoflinguisticsiscalledTheLinguisticsWars.Amagazinearticleabout

claimsthatscienceisnotcompletelyobjectiveistitledTheScienceWars.Oneaboutcompetition

amongcaterersisPartyWars—andonandoninapotentiallyendlesslist.Politics,ofcourse,

isaprimecandidate.Oneoftheinnumerablepossibleexamples,theheadlineofastoryreporting

thattheDemocraticNationalConventionnominatedBillClintontorunforasecondtermdeclares,

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