English for Construction Machinery-工程机械运用技术专业国家级教学资源库-1746428385548.pptx

Englishfor

ConstructionMachinery工程机械运用技术专业国家级教学资源库

Principles02Structure03Types01Unit1EngineStructureOperatingPrinciples发动机结构及工作原理

Part1NewWords

NewWordsExpressions1）attach...to把…依附于；把…安装到2）four-strokeengine四冲程发动机3）crankshaft[kr??k?ɑ?ft]n.曲轴4）powertrain动力传动系5）piston[p?st(?)n]n.活塞6）inletstroke进气行程7）compressionstroke压缩行程8）powerstroke做功行程9）exhauststroke排气行程10）aslongas只要

Part2Text

TextPrinciplesThemostcommonengineisthefour-strokeengine.“Stroke”referstopistonmovement——astrokeoccurswhenthepistonmovesfromonelimitingpositiontotheother.

TextTheupperlimitofpistonmovementiscalledTDC(topdeadcenter).ThelowerlimitofpistonmovementiscalledBDC(bottomdeadcenter).AstrokeispistonmovementfromTDCtoBDCorfromBDCtoTDC(Fig.1-3).

TDC（TopDeadCenter）thepositionofthecrankandpistonwhenthepistonisfarthestawayfromthecrankshaft.BDC（BottomDeadCenter）thepositionofthecrankandpistonwhenthepistonisnearestawayfromthecrankshaft.Fig.1-3Engineterms

TextInotherwords,thepistoncompletesastrokeeachtimeitchangesitsdirectionofmotion.Wheretheentirecycleofeventsinthecylinderrequiresfourstrokes(ortwocrankshaftrevolutions),theengineiscalledafour-stroke-cycleengine.

TextThesefourpistonstrokesareintakestroke(orinletstroke),compressionstroke,powerstrokeexhauststroke.Thefourstrokesarecontinuouslyrepeatedineverycylinderaslongastheengineremainsrunning(Fig.1-4).

VolvoConstructionEquipment(China)Co.,Ltd.2025/5/5,Slide11Fig.1-4Single-cylinderfour-strokedieselengineOperatingPrinciplesⅠⅣⅡⅣIntakestrokeCompressionstrokePowerstrokeExhauststroke

Part3ReferenceTranslation

参考译文原理最常见的发动机是四冲程发动机。冲程是指活塞的运动，即活塞从某一限定位置到另一限定位置的运动。活塞运动的上限称为TDC（上止点），下限称为BDC（下止点）。一个冲程就是活塞从上止点到下止点，或下止点到上止点的运动（如图1-3所示）。

TDC（上止点）活塞离曲轴最远时，曲柄和活塞的位置。BDC（下止点）活塞离曲轴最近时，曲柄和活塞的位置。图1-3发动机术语参考译文

参考译文换句话说，活塞每完成一个冲程，就要改变一次其运动的方向。发动机气缸中的