基于51单片机的超声波避障小车设计.doc

内蒙古科技大学 本科生毕业设计说明书（毕业论文） 题 目：基于单片机的超声波避障小车设计 学生姓名：祝伟泰 学 号：1267112115 专 业：测控技术与仪器 班 级：测控2012-1 指导教师：燕芳 副教授 基于单片机的超声波避障小车设计 摘要 Ultrasonic obstacle avoidance car design based on Micro Computer Unit Abstract With the development of science and technology, People have increased the research of smart car.Smart car has become the new way of thinking and a new direction for after the development of science and technology . Smart cars can be according to the preset mode automatically in an environment of operation, without the need of human control, can be applied to road testing, scientific exploration, intelligent temperature measurement, etc. This paper discusses the intelligent car (also known as wheeled robot) is I after summarized the major undergraduate course design a smart car, it has the ultrasonic distance measurement, automatic obstacle avoidance, synchronous speed, and other functions. Although ultrasonic obstacle avoidance car is just the tip of the iceberg in the field of smart car, but it is also a typical representative in intelligent vehicles. The sparrow is small all-sided, the design of ultrasonic obstacle avoidance car, use STC51 single-chip microcomputer as the core controller, design a kind of can automatic obstacle avoidance, and can realize the speed and distance measurement simultaneously and the smart car show. Obstacle avoidance and the distance by ultrasonic ranging module, and add light code disc speed measuring module and function of speed of the car drive by L298N drive circuit is completed, through LCD1602 display of measured data. Keywords: STC15;Ultrasonic sensors; avoidance; speed 目录 摘要 I Abstract II 1.1课题研究背景和意义 1 1.2智能汽车的发展概述 1 1.3 课题研究技术要求与主要内容 2 第二章 总体方案设计 4 2.1总体方案设计 4 2.1.1具体设计思路 5 2.2系统各模块的设计方案 6 2.2.1控制核心模块的选择方案论证 6 2.2.2主电路板的方案论证 6 2.2.3测距避障传感器的方案论证 7 2.2.4 测速模块的选择方案论证 8 2.2.5电机驱动选择方案论证 9 2.2.6 显示装置的选型方案论证 9 2.3 本章小结 11 第三章 硬件电路设计 12 3.1 STC15单片机简介 12 3.1.1 引脚说明 12 3.1.2 特别管脚说明 13 3