国际经济法第七章二、GATT1994s.ppt

二、 GATT1994 周超 200910 例1 关于世界贸易组织与原关贸总协定的区别与联系，下列说法错误的是哪几项？ A、原关贸总协定是正式的国际组织，而世界贸易组织不仅是正式的国际组织，还是永久性国际组织 B、原关贸总协定主要局限于货物贸易和纺织品贸易领域，而世界贸易组织还包括农产品贸易与服务贸易 C、原关贸总协定的许多协定可以选择的接受，世界贸易组织协定必须一揽子接受，但可以对参加的协定提出保留 D、原关贸总协定争端解决机制实行完全协商一致的方式，世界贸易组织争端解决机制采取反向协商一致的原则，对争端解决规定了时间表。 例2 根据WTO的规则，下列哪些选项属于货物贸易领域国民待遇原则的例外？ A、未参加《政府采购协议》的成员方政府，在为自用或公共目的采购货物时，可以优先购买本国产品 B、有关电影片的国内放映数量的规定，即可要求电影院只能放映一定数量的外国影片 C、只给予某种产品的国内生产者补贴，且这种补贴符合《补贴和反补贴协议》以及《农产品协议》对国内生产者补贴所作的规定 D、历史遗留的特惠关税安排 一、GATT1994的组成 组成: GATT1947的各项条款,不包括《临时适用议定书》 ; WTO成立前的关税减让议定书,各缔约方加入议定书,有关豁免,以及缔约方全体作出的其他决定性; “乌拉圭回合”达成的有关条款的6个谅解; 1994年关贸总协定马拉喀什议定书 二、GATT1994原则 Article I: General Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment 1.????????With respect to customs duties and charges of any kind imposed on or in connection with importation or exportation or imposed on the international transfer of payments for imports or exports, and with respect to the method of levying such duties and charges, and with respect to all rules and formalities in connection with importation and exportation, and with respect to all matters referred to in paragraphs 2 and 4 of Article III,* any advantage, favour, privilege or immunity granted by any contracting party to any product originating in or destined for any other country shall be accorded immediately and unconditionally to the like product originating in or destined for the territories of all other contracting parties. 相关案例 加拿大汽车工业措施案， DS142，DS139 Canada — Certain Measures Affecting the Automotive Industry 欧盟香蕉案，DS27 European Communities — Regime for the Importation, Sale and Distribution of Bananas National Treatment Art3（2）. The products of the territory of any contracting party imported into the territory of any other contracting party shall not be subject, directly or indirectly, to internal taxes or other internal charges of any kind in excess of those applied, directly or indirectly, to like domestic products. …… National Treatment Art3 （4） The products of the territory of any contracting party impo