VeterinaryClinicalPathology兽医临床病理学.ppt

PrefaceVeterinaryClinicalPathology:VeterinaryLaboratoryMedicineInclude:1ClinicalHematology2Clinicalbiochemistry3Clinicalcytology4Clinicalmicrobiology5Clinicalparasitology6Clinicaltoxicology

PrefaceGeneralLaboratoryconceptsVeterinarianshavemanychoicesregardinglaboratorytesting.Importantfactorsinclude:--Needandusefulness--Practicality--Cost-effectiveness--Accuracy--Turnaroundtime

CompletebloodcountQuantitationtechniquesBloodsmearanalysisOtherdeterminationsBonemarrowexaminationBonemarrowbiopsyandaspirate

Completebloodcount(CBC)CBCisaprofileoftestsusedtodescribethequantityandqualityofthecellularelementsinbloodandafewsubstancesinplasma.CBCisacost-effectivescreenthedetectsmanyabnormalitiesanddiseaseconditions.BonemarrowexaminationisusedinselectedinstancestoanswerquestionsthemorereadilyavailableCBCcannot.

QuantitationTechniquesSamplesubmissionMicrohemotcritHemoglobinconcentrationCellcountsAbsolutenucleatedRBCcountAutomatedhematologycellcounters

BloodSmearAnalysisMakingthesmearStainsEvaluatingbloodsmears--plateletmorphology--leukocytemorphology--leukocyteestimation--leukocytedifferentialcount--erythrocytemorphology

BoneMarrowExaminationBonemarrowisusuallyexaminedtoanswercertainquestionthatarosefromevaluatingtheCBC.Indicationsforbonemarrowexaminationinclude:--nonregenerativeanemia--Persistentneutropenia--Persistentthrombocytopenia--Unexplainedpolycythemiaorthrombocytosis--Atypicalcellsinblood

ErythrocytesBasicconceptsoferythrocytefunction,metabolism,productionandbreakdownHemesynthesisGlobinsynthesisIronmetabolism

ErythrocytemetabolismEmbden-meyerhofpathway--GlycolysisgeneratesATPandNADHPentosephosphatepathway--ThispathwayproducesNADPHMethemoblobinreductasepathway--Methemoglobin(Fe3+)cannottransportoxygenRapoport-lueberingpathway--2,3diphosphoglycerat