专业英语英汉互译.doc

PART 1电路和电子工程基础 A 电路 [1] In the case of a resistor, the voltage-current relationship is given by Ohm’s law, which states that the voltage across the resistor is equal to the current through the resistor multiplied by the value of the resistance.就电阻来说，电压—电流的关系由欧姆定律决定。欧姆定律指出：电阻两端的电压等于电阻上流过的电流乘以电阻值。 [2]It may be that the inductor voltage rather than the current is the variable of interest in the circuit.或许在电路中，人们感兴趣的变量是电感电压而不是电感电流。 B 三相电路 [1] Viewed in this light, it will be found that the analysis of three-phase circuits is little more difficult than that of single-phase circuits. 这样看来，三相电路的分析比单相电路的分析难不了多少。 [2] At unity power factor，the power in a single-phase circuit is zero twice each cycle．在功率因数为1时，单相电路里的功率值每个周波有两次为零。 [3] It should be noted that if the polarity of point A with respect to N ( ) is assumed for the positive half-cycle, then when used in the same phasor diagram should be drawn opposite to, or 180? out of phase with, .应该注意，如果把A点相对于N的极性（ ）定为正半周，那么 在用于同一相量图中时就应该画得同 相反，即相位差为180?。 A 运算放大器 [1] One problem with electronic devices corresponding to the generalized amplifiers is that the gains, AU or AI, depend upon internal properties of the two-port system.对应于像广义放大器这样的电子装置，一个问题就是增益 AU 或者AI ，它们取决于两输入端系统的内部特性。 [2] This is one of the key features of Op-Amp design—the action of the circuit on signals depends only upon the external elements which can be easily varied by the designer and which do not depend upon the detailed character of the Op-Amp itself.这是运算放大器设计的重要特征之一——在信号作用下，电路的动作仅取决于能够容易被设计者改变的外部元件，而不取决于运算放大器本身的细节特性。 B 晶体管 [1] Put very simply a semiconductor material is one which can be “doped” to produce a predominance of electrons or mobile negative charges (N-type); or “holes” or positive charges (P-type).简单地说，半导体是这样一种物质，它能够通过“掺杂”来产生多余的电子，又称自由电子（N型）；或者产生“空穴”，又称正电子（P型）。 [2] TO1 is the original transistor shape—a cylindrical “can” with the three leads emerging in triangular pattern from the bottom. Looking at the base, the upp