Lesson 1 中国风土人情.doc
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我很高兴向你介绍中国的主要传统节日。
I am very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional Chinese holidays.
或者说我愿意向你介绍这方面的情况。
I’d like to share with you brief information in this respect.
中国的传统节庆膳食除了在数量和质量上与平时有所不同之外,一些历史悠久、具有象征意义的食物也是节日必不可缺的伴侣。
Traditional holiday meals are different from everyday meals in terms of quantity and quality. In addition, some foods with a long history and symbolic significance are indispensable on these occasions.
例如,我国的端午节是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。那一天,人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子。
For example, on the Dragon Boat Festival, a day set aside in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan, people will hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, a kind of glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves.
中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满,象征着家庭团聚。因此,中秋节的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。
The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon. The round moon is a symbol for completeness, and family reunion. The special food of the day is the yuebing, a round moon cake.
春节是中国的农历新年,除了常见的海鲜、家禽和肉类之外,人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统菜肴,如饺子和年糕。在春节,人们会拜年、放鞭炮。
The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday. In addition to the popular seafood, poultry and meat, people will prepare traditional food, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the year cake according to their regional custom. On Spring Festival, people will pay a new-year call and let off firecrackers.
北京是中国的首都,它有3000多年的历史,近1300万人口和许多名胜古迹。近年来,北京发展得很快。你能看到更多地博物馆、公园和购物中心,比比皆是。北京已建成越来越多的高速公路和过街天桥。还有,更多的公共汽车投入使用,它们都使用环保燃料,以防空气受到污染。河水又变得清澈了。无论你走到哪里,你都能看到绿树、青草和美丽的花朵。所有这一切使得北京的生活更便利,更怡人,更多姿多彩,北京仍在向着美好的明天迈进。
Beijing is the capital of China; it has a history of over 3,000 years with a population of nearly 13 million and a lot of places of interest around it.
十二属相
中国民间有一个传统习俗,人一出生,就有一种动物做他的属相。属相,也叫“生肖”,是中国民间传统的纪年和计算年龄的方法。
中国古代的纪年法是帝王年号与“干支”并用,其中“干支纪年法”从史书上有明文记载的公元前841年(庚申年),一直沿用到现在。“干”是“天干”,有十个字组成,这十个字是:甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚、辛、壬、癸。“支”是“地支”,由十二个字组成,这十二个字是:子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戌、亥。把天干的十个字和地支的十二个字按顺序配合起来,可以得到60种排列。如:甲子、乙丑、丙寅……这60种排列周而复始,循环使用,每六十年叫做“一个
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