国际贸易实务Chapter 3 Delivery of Goods.ppt

Modes of Transport 3.1.1 Characteristics of sea transport the most important mode of transport in international trade. Two-thirds of the world total volumen and over 80% of China’s imports and exports now are transported by sea. 3.1.2 Categories of Sea Transport Merchant vessels are operated in two ways. (1)Liner Transport:（定期船运输）类比公共汽车 (2)Charter Transport:（不定期船运输） voyage charter:类比打的 time charter: 类比租车自驾 （一）Liner Transport 1.definition A Liner is a vessel with regular sailing and arrival on a stated schedule between a group of specific ports. 2. characteristics: (1)“four fixed”. fixed route, ports, schedule and relatively fixed freight(basic features) (2)“one responsible”. The carrier is responsible for loading and unloading operations. (3)The rights and obligations of the carrier and the consignor are based on B/L. (4)Not including Lay time/lay days, demurrage and dispatch money (5)Ideal for cargo of small quantity (6)The ship-owner usually leases part of shipping space instead of the whole ship. （二）Charter Transport definition Also called tramp. Charter Transport is a freight-carrying vessel which has no regular rout or fix schedule. The shipper charters the ship from the ship-owner and uses it to carry the goods. No fixed route, ports or schedule demurrage and dispatch money Ideal for cargo of a complete shipload, such as cargo of low value and huge quantity. Categories of Charter Transport （1）Voyage/trip Charter :又称航次租船、程租船（使用最多） （2）Time Charter （3）Bare boat Charter （4）Time Charter on Trip Basis，TCT 1.Voyage Charter （1）definition：（used widly） The voyage charter is one for the carriage of goods from one specified port to another,or for a round trip. The ship-owner is responsible for delivering the goods to the port of destination and for managing the ship as well as bearing all expenses 。类似于打的 It includes single voyage charter, return voyage charter and successive voyage charter. （2)