洛阳市谷物类食品中重金属含量及污染评价..doc

２０１５届河南科技大学毕业设计 　　　　洛阳市谷物类食品中重金属含量及污染评价 摘要 实验采用消化炉消解-ICP技术，测定不同谷物类食品中重金属元素As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb的含量。整理实验数据测得黑豆中铅含量：0.203mg/kg,国家标准为小于等于0.2mg/kg，判定为超标，黑芝麻中铜含量：13.750mg/kg，国家标准为小于等于10mg/kg,判定为超标。其他谷物所测元素的含量均在国家食品卫生标准值之下。研究新乡市市售谷物重金属污染现状，采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法进行分析评价。结果表明：新乡市市售谷物类食品中除黑芝麻中重金属元素含量存在污染情况，其他谷物的测定值均低于检测标准值，故判定新乡市市售谷物大体上重金属含量处于低污染或无污染状态。 关键词：消化炉消解-ICP，谷物，重金属元素含量,污染评价 Ｌｕｏｙａｎｇ city commercial grain content and contamination assessment of heavy metals in food Abstract The digestion furnace digestion ICP technology and determination of different cereal food heavy metals (as, CD, Cr, Cu,, Pb content. The experimental data collected measured lead content in black bean: 0.203mg/kg. National standards for less than or equal to 0.2 mg / kg, the judge exceeded, black sesame in copper content: 13.750mg/kg. National standards for less than or equal to 10 mg / kg, judged to be excessive. The content of other grains measured elements were in the national food sanitation standard value. Study on Xinxiang City sale situation of heavy metal pollution in the grain, were analyzed and evaluated by using single factor pollution index method and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method. The results show that market in Xinxiang City Cereals food contamination of the presence of the contents of heavy metal elements in black sesame in addition, other grains measured value were below the detection standard value, so the decision in Xinxiang City sold grain on the whole contents of heavy metals in low pollution or no pollution status. Keywords: digestion furnace digestion -ICP, grain , heavy metals, pollution assessment 目录 4 1实验部分 1.1 仪器与试剂 1.2样品的处理 1.3 重金属元素测定 1.3.1 仪器工作条件和测定波长的选择 1.3.2 测定 2结果与分析 2.1 谷物样品中含量 2.2 评价方法 2.2.1 单因子污染指数法 2.2.2 内梅罗综合污染指数法 3结论 参考文献 致 谢 0 引言 随着我国人民生活水平的日益提高和城镇化进程的不断推进，人们对粮食作物数量和质量的需求不断增长。人们也逐渐注意到食品中存在的重金属污染情况。 在20世纪50年代发生在日本1955-1972 年骨痛病等事件就是由重金属镉造成的，正式由于