专业英语教学课件InorganicChemicalNomenclature.ppt

Inorganic Chemical Nomenclature zengxiaoping * * Words and Phrases Striking 突出的，鲜明的 A fixed quantity of 一定量的 up to 一直到 Saturation point 饱和点 Get distorted in shape 变形 无机化合物命名（Inorganic Chemical Nomenclature） 1、元素命名（元素周期表）(Periodical Table) Names and Symbols for Some Chemical Elements Cobalt Co Argon Ar Fluorine F Iron Fe Chlorine Cl Oxygen O Tin Sn Sulfur S Nitrogen N Silver Ag Phosphorus P Carbon C Gold Au Silicon Si Boron B Ti’tanium Ti Aluminum Al Be’ryllium Be Copper Cu Mag’nesium Mg Lithium Li Calcium Ca Sodium Na Helium He Potassium K Neon Ne Hydrogen H Name Symbol Name Symbol Name Symbol Name of compounds For the naming of compounds of metals (oxides, hydroxides and salts) in which the metal may exhibit more than one oxidation state: The oxidation state of the metal is shown by a Roman numeral in pa’rentheses immediately following the English name of the metal which corresponds to its oxidation number. e.g. FeBr2: iron (II) bromide; Cr2(SO4)3: chromium (III) sulfate 如果不用罗马数字表明其价态， 也可用离子的名称表示 e.g. FeCl2: Ferrous chloride (iron (II) chloride) FeCl3: Ferric chloride (iron (III) chloride) ?No numeral is used if the metal has only one common oxidation number e.g. NaCl: sodium chloride; Al(OH)3: aluminum hydroxide Monovalent, divalent, trivalent, etc. Some Common Ions (Cation) Zinc Zn2+ Sodium Na+ Chromium (III) Cr3+ Iron (II) Fe2+ Potassium K+ Iron (III) Fe3+ Copper (II) Cu2+ Hydrogen H+ Aluminum Al3+ Calcium Ca2+ Ammonium NH4+ 3+ 2+ 1+ Sulfate SO42- Chloride Cl- Sulfite SO32- Fluoride F- - Sulfide S2- Bromide Br- Phosphite PO33- Oxide O2- Hydroxide OH- Phosphate PO43- Carbonate CO32- Nitrate NO3- 3- 2- 1- Naming nonmetal oxides Using the Greek prefixes for both the number of oxygen atom and that of the other element in the compounds The prefix used are: mono-(mon-); (2) di-; (3) tri-; (4) tetra-; (5