常用词的用法9.ppt

Unit Nine if, imagine, imitate, impress, include, increase, indicate, infect, influence, inform, injure, inside, insist, inspire, instant, instead, instruction, intend, interest, introduce, invent, invite, issue, it, itch. if if(用于连接状语从句)如果、假使、(用于连接宾语从句)是否。 短语：　as if/though好像,好似(后常用虚拟语气)；if only… 但愿（动词用过去时或过去完成时，表达强烈的愿望或遗憾）；as if to speak 好像要说话；if you like 如果你愿意、乐意的话；if you please请（表示有礼貌地请求或要求对方做某事）、对不起、请原谅（作有礼貌的招呼或表示歉意）；if it were not for the help of the workers要不是工人们帮了忙； 用法：（1）、有些时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、比较和方式状语从句中，如果谓语包含be，主语又和主句的一致，或主语是it 时，常可以省略从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是be)，省略的条件状语从句有以下几种形式： 1)、if + 形容词，如：if necessary = if it is necessary； 2)、if + 副词，如：if not sooner； 3)、if/ unless + 过去分词，如：unless invited。省略的时间状语从句常以when/ while/ till/ until 等引导。 （2）、whether与or not连成一个词组、whether在不定式之前、whether引导的从句放在句首、whether引导主语从句、表语从句、让步状语从句（意为“不管”），以及在介词后，只能用whether，不能用 if。 （3）、if so/ if not 用来代替完整的从句。 （4）、If it were not for/ If it had not been for如果没有……,要不是……(虚拟语气)这一结构表示一个特定的情况改变了一切,如省if,只能把were提前,not放在it后,不可把werent放在句首。如: If it were not for his wifes money 　( = Were it not for.../ = without...), hed never be a doctor如果不是他的妻子有钱,他永远不会成为一个医生。 （5）、 如宾语从句中出现否定式,一般用if,不用whether,如: I dont care if it doesnt rain下不下雨与我关系不大。 (6)、条件句中有were, had 或should 等助动词时，should 可省，从句用倒装形式。如：Were I in your position, I would go. ①I will go ___ I die for it. A. when B. if C. while D. as ②___ the sun were to rise in the west, I would not break my word. A. If B. Unless C. When D. Though ③___ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. A. If B. Since C. Though D. When imagine imagine想象、设想。 短语和句型：I dont imagine so/ I imagine not 我不这样想；I imagine so 我这样想； imagine oneself (as) a bird/ to be a bird/ that somebody was a bird想象自己是只鸟；I don’t imagine they will come if it rains.（否定转移）；show great imagination of doing something to somebody向某人显示出做某事的非凡的想象力；　1）、Can you imagine yourself (to be不能省) on a desert island? 你能想