英语翻译基本方法.doc

6Disparity in thinking pattern between east and west I. Integrity vs Individuality 1. 我身体健康。 I am in good health 2. 我们各方面的工作都取得了很大的胜利。 We have won great victories in all fields of our work. 3. 发展要有新思路，改革要有新突破，开放要有新局面，各项工作要有新举措。 It is imperative for us to come up with new ideas for development, make new break-throughs in reform, break new ground in opening up and take new moves in all fields of endeavour. 睡时，灯是不敢点的，她怕楼上的灯光招惹是非，也希冀眼前干净些，完全一片黑。(文字跳脱，或不出现主语、频频转换主语等)（叶圣陶《夜》） When she went to bed she dared not light the lamp for fear the light upstairs would attract attention and cause trouble, besides, she preferred to see nothing, to be in sheer darkness. 会嫁的嫁儿郎，不会嫁的嫁田庄。 A wise woman marries a good man ,while a stupid just property. 说是说了，没有结果；做是做了，没有成功。 I have made proposals, but in vain, I have made attempts, but without success. II. Covertness vs Overtness 隐性与显性(Indirectness vs Directness; Implicity vs Explicity) 1. 接到你们的贺函，我十分高兴。 I am very happy to have received your message of greetings. 2. 现在有机会互相介绍彼此对各种问题的观点，对此，双方认为是有益的。 The two sides found it beneficial to have this opportunity to present to one another their views on a variety of issues. 3. 我访问过一些地方，遇到不少人，要谈起来，奇妙的事可多着呢。 There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met. III. The Subjective vs the Objective 1. 语言这东西，不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功夫不可。 The mastery of a language is not easy and requires painstaking efforts. 2. 他一想到要返回去，心里就害怕。 The thought of returning filled him with fear.3. 我没想到你会反对。 It didn’t occur to me that you would object. 4. 让世界了解中国，让中国走向世界。 Let the other people of the rest of the world know China. Let China make close contact with the rest of the world. IV. Figurative Thinking vs Logical Thinking 归心似箭 So eager to get back 叶落归根 Return to motherland 汉语多形象、具体，英语中大量含义概括，指称笼统的抽象名词 谁都知道，西北地区是艰苦的 As everybody knows, life in the northwest China is harder V. intuition VS evidence 英语: 先概括后分解、先表态后叙事、先总结后事例、先整体后细节，由果到因、由小到大等。 汉语:按时间顺序和逻辑发展关系由先到后、由因到果、由假设到推论、由事实到