converging intracranial markers of conscious access合并颅内标记有意识的访问.pdf

PLoS BIOLOGY Converging Intracranial Markers of Conscious Access ¨ 1,2,3 1,4,5 6 ´ ´ 6 6,7 Raphael Gaillard , Stanislas Dehaene , Claude Adam , Stephane Clemenceau , Dominique Hasboun , Michel Baulac6,7, Laurent Cohen1,6,7, Lionel Naccache1,6,7* ´ ´ 1 INSERM, Cognitive Neuro-imaging Unit, Institut Federatif de Recherche (IFR) 49, Gif sur Yvette, France, 2 Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de ´ ´ ´ ` Sante Mentale et de Therapeutique, Paris, France, 3 Universite Paris Descartes, Paris, France, 4 CEA, I2BM, NeuroSpin center, Gif sur Yvette, France, 5 College de France, Paris, ˆ ˆ ´ ˆ ` ˆ ` ´ France, 6 Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, Hopital de la Pitie-Salpetriere, Pole des Maladies du Systeme Nerveux, Paris, France, 7 Universite Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, ´ Departement de Physiologie, Paris, France We compared conscious and nonconscious processing of briefly flashed words using a visual masking procedure while recording intracranial electroencephalogram (iEEG) in ten patients. Nonconscious processing of masked words was observed in multiple cortical areas, mostly within an early time window (,300 ms), accompanied by induced gamma- band activity, but without coherent long-distance neural activity, suggesting a quickly dissipating feedforward wave. In contrast, cons