cyclic di-gmp is essential for the survival of the lyme disease spirochete in ticks循环di-gmp生存至关重要的蜱虫的莱姆病螺旋体.pdf

Cyclic di-GMP is Essential for the Survival of the Lyme Disease Spirochete in Ticks 1 2 1 1,3 1 4 Ming He , Zhiming Ouyang , Bryan Troxell , Haijun Xu , Akira Moh , Joseph Piesman , Michael 2 5 1 V. Norgard , Mark Gomelsky , X. Frank Yang * 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America, 2 Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, Unites States of America, 3 Institute of Insect Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 4 Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America, 5 Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America Abstract Cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) is a bacterial second messenger that modulates many biological processes. Although its role in bacterial pathogenesis during mammalian infection has been documented, the role of c-di-GMP in a pathogen’s life cycle within a vector host is less understood. The enzootic cycle of the Lyme disease pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi involves both a mammalian host and an Ixodes tick vector. The B. burgdorferi genome encodes a single copy of the diguanylate cyclase gene (rrp1), which is responsible for c-di-GMP synthesis. To determine the role of c-di-GMP in the life cycle of B. burgdorferi, an Rrp1-deficient B. burgdorferi strain was generated. The rrp1 mutant remains infectious in the mammalian host but cannot survive in the tick vect