(高中英语语法)名词性从句.ppt

名词性从句 Nominal Clauses; 名词性从句是由if, whether, that 和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句，在句子中起名词作用。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。;引导名词性从句的连接词;中世纪，普遍相信地心说(geocentric theory)。 Geocentric theory was wildly believed in the Middle Ages. Geocentric theory: the earth is the center of our planetary system That the earth is the center of our planetary system was wildly believed in the Middle Ages.; 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。;It is ＋ 名词 ( a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s duty, an honor, a shame, no easy job, a fact, a good thing, a waste of time…) ＋ 从句 It is ＋ 形容词 (clear, important, possible, necessary, strange, unnecessary etc.) ＋ 从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是…;(3) It ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It appears that… 似乎… It had been found that… 已经发现… It must be pointed out that… 需要指出… It has been proved that… 业已证明… (4) It is＋ 过去分词 (well-known, said, reported, recorded, noted, estimated, believed 等） ＋ 从句 ;2. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较;3. 主语从句不可位于句首的几种情况：;（3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。 It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. That he failed in the examination occurred to him. （4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。 It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. ; 4. what 与that引导主语从句的区别 a). what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则只是一种“标识 ”，告知后面是一个从句。 1) What you said yesterday is right. It is right what you said yesterday. (what引导主语从??表示“…的东西 ”时，一般 不用it做形式主语。） 2) That she is still alive is a consolation. It is a consolation that she is still alive.;b). What 可以解释为the thing(s) that, 即“…的东西/事情 ”，而that没有实际的意思，只是一种语法作用，如： What he lost was his newly bought pen. =The thing that he