九年级Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.的语法知识点.doc

Unit 3 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 被动语态：英语动词有两种语态：主动语态（the Active Voice）和被动语态（the Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 Ⅰ.被动语态由“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，以下为几种常用时态的被动语态的构成： 一般现在时：主语＋am / is / are （not）＋动词过去分词 一般过去时：主语＋was / were ＋动词过去分词 一般将来时：主语＋will ＋be ＋动词过去分词/ 主语+be动词+going to +be+动词过去分词 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋be＋动词过去分词 现在完成时：主语＋have / has ＋been ＋动词过去分词 现在进行时：主语＋is / am / are + being ＋动词过去分词 习题：（ ）1.A wild animal zoo is going to__________in our city. A.be built B.built C.build D.be building （ ）2.A lot of trees_________on the hill yesterday. A.are planted B.will be planted C.have been planted D.were planted ( ) 3.Half of the work________by now. A.has finished B.has been finished C.have been finished ( ) 4.He likes reading very much. Most of his money_______on books. A.is spent B.spend C.spends D.are spent Ⅱ.被动语态的用法：1.不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。 Eg: His new car was stolen. 他的新车被偷了。（谁偷的，不知道） Letters are collected from his postbox at 7:30 every morning.每天早晨七点半有人来收他邮筒里的信。（主要说明每天七点半从邮筒里收信，至于是谁来收，没必要说明）Eg:He gives me a pen.→ I am given a pen.或A pen is given to me. 在主动语态中，有些动词（feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ）后面可接不带to的不定式，但变被动句时必须加to. Eg: We saw Tom enter the office.→ Tom was seen to enter the office. 有些动词常用主动表被动。如系动词feel,smell,sound,taste,write,sell等动词。 Eg: The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写 习题：（ ）1. In the past the children were made_________15 hours a day. A.to lock B.work C. to work D. lock ( ) 2.The old men in China__________________________. A.is taking good care B. are taken good care of C. is taking good care of D. are taken good care 2.allow 动词，意为“允许，准许”，常用的结构：①allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 ②allow doing sth.允许做某事 ③be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 （ ）People who d