同济大学机械课程设计步进输送机设计说明书.docx

PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT23 机械原理课程设计计算说明书 设计题目：步进输送机 学院：机械与能源工程学院 组号：第六小组 设计者： 同济大学 目录 一、设计任务书··············································· 1.设计题目·················································· 2.原始数据及设计要求········································ 二、方案设计················································· 1.工作原理的分析与说明······································ 2.最终方案·················································· 三、机构的尺寸计算··········································· 1.已知参数·················································· 2.杆件······················································ 3.凸轮······················································ 4.电动机和减速箱············································ 四、机构的状态参数及分析·································· 1.滑架······················································ 2.凸轮······················································ 五、运动分析校验············································· 1.运动循环图················································ 2. 滑架分析（每隔5度）······································· 六、设计心得体会············································· 七、主要参考文献············································· 八、小组备用方案············································· 九、小组分工情况············································· 一、设计任务书 1.设计题目 步进输送机是一种间歇输送工件的传送机械，如图1所示。工件由料仓卸落到辊道上，滑架作往复直线运动。滑架的正行程时，通过棘钩使工件向前运动；滑架返回时，棘钩的弹簧被压下，棘钩从工件下面滑过，工件不动。当滑架又向前运动时，棘钩又钩住下一个工件向前运动，从而实现工件的步进传送，插板作带停歇的往复运动，可使工件保持一定的时间间隔卸落到辊道上。 2.原始数据及设计要求 1）输送工件的形状和尺寸如图1所示，输送步长H=830mm。 2）滑架工作行程平均速度为0.42m/s。要求保证输送速度尽可能均匀，行程速比系数K值为1.65左右。 3）滑架导轨水平线至安装平面的高度在1200mm以下。 4）电动机功率可选用1.1KW，1400r/min左右（如，Y90s-4）。 5）为保证推爪在推动工件前保持推程状态，输送机构的行程应大于工件输送步长20mm左右。  二、方案设计 1.工作原理的分析与说明 1）滑架作往复直线运动 将发动机的圆周运动转化为直线运动，可以采用曲柄摇杆、齿轮齿条等机构，但考虑到任务书中行程速比系数，即要求有急回特性，故在曲柄摇杆机构中选择。 曲柄摇杆机构演化出曲柄滑块、导杆等机构。 曲柄滑块机构加工方便，但是容易产生死点，且要求杆件强度高，否则容易折断。 而导杆机构不容易产生死点。从牛头刨床机构和任务书的参考资料来看，导杆机构比曲柄滑块机构更有优势。 2）插板作带停歇的往复运动 把圆周运动转化为周期性的直线运动，可以采用凸轮机构，再加上连杆机构。 任务书参考资料提供的组合机构运用了凸轮、连杆、滑块等多种机构，较为繁琐，因此，在任务书的基础上，本小组决定加以简化和改进。 2.最终方案 导杆机构实现滑架作往复直线运动。 凸轮和滑块的组合机构实现插板作带停歇的往复运动