the effect of a small amount of water on the structure and electrochemical properties of solid-state synthesized polyaniline少量的水的影响固态合成聚苯胺的结构和电化学性能.pdf

Materials 2012, 5, 1811-1825; doi:10.3390/ma5101811 OPEN ACCESS materials ISSN 1996-1944 /journal/materials Article The Effect of a Small Amount of Water on the Structure and Electrochemical Properties of Solid-State Synthesized Polyaniline Weiwei Shao, Ruxangul Jamal, Feng Xu, Aminam Ubul and Tursun Abdiryim * Key Laboratory of Petroleum and Gas Fine Chemicals, Educational Ministry of China, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; E-Mails: 693680739@163.com (W.S.); jruxangul@ (R.J.); 202xufeng@163.com (F.X.); aminam520@ (A.M.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: tursunabdir@; Tel./Fax: +86-0991-858-3575. Received: 20 July 2012; in revised form: 20 September 2012 / Accepted: 26 September 2012 / Published: 10 October 2012 Abstract: A series of polyaniline (PANI) salts were synthesized with the presence of a small amount of water varying from 0 to 1 mL at the beginning of solid-state polymerization. The structure and morphology of the samples were characterized by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrochemical performances of the products were investigated by galvanostatic charge-discharge, cyclic voltammetry, cycling stability and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that the amounts of water can affect the oxidati