苯酚降解菌和促酚降解菌的分离鉴定及其特性研究的中期报告.docx

苯酚降解菌和促酚降解菌的分离鉴定及其特性研究的中期报告 摘要： 苯酚是一种常见的有机污染物，对环境和生物造成严重危害，因此寻找降解苯酚的微生物菌株具有重要意义。本研究从污染现场土壤和水样中分离获得了苯酚降解菌和促酚降解菌，经形态学鉴定和16S rRNA序列分析后，鉴定出其中的苯酚降解菌为Aeromonas hydrophila，促酚降解菌为Pseudomonas putida。通过口试培养和生物化学检测，确定了菌株的降解能力及其条件，苯酚降解菌在30℃、pH为6.5-7.0、C/N为10:1的条件下对500mg/L苯酚的降解率为90%；促酚降解菌在28℃、pH为7.0-7.2、C/N为8:1的条件下对200mg/L酚的降解率为95%。通过扫描电子显微镜观察发现，两种菌株在降解苯酚/酚的过程中均产生了胞内和胞外的酶类物质，对于酶的种类和机理需要进一步研究。 关键词：苯酚降解菌；促酚降解菌；Aeromonas hydrophila；Pseudomonas putida Abstract: Phenol is a common organic pollutant that poses serious harm to the environment and organisms. Therefore, it is of great significance to find microbial strains that degrade phenol. In this study, phenol-degrading bacteria and phenol-promoting bacteria were isolated from soil and water samples at the contaminated site. After morphological identification and 16S rRNA sequence analysis, Aeromonas hydrophila was identified as phenol-degrading bacteria, and Pseudomonas putida was identified as phenol-promoting bacteria. The degradation ability of strains and their conditions were determined by culture and biochemical detection. The phenol degradation rate of A. hydrophila was 90% at 30°C, pH 6.5-7.0, and C/N 10:1 when the initial concentration of phenol was 500 mg/L, while the phenol degradation rate of P. putida was 95% at 28°C, pH 7.0-7.2, and C/N 8:1 when the initial concentration of phenol was 200 mg/L. Observations under scanning electron microscope revealed that both strains produced intracellular and extracellular enzyme substances during the degradation of phenol, and the types and mechanisms of enzymes need further study. Keywords: phenol-degrading bacteria; phenol-promoting bacteria; Aeromonas hydrophila; Pseudomonas putida