中考英语形容词、副词总复习.doc
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形容词、副词(一) 知识概要形容词的用法很活跃,在英语中用处也很多,但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同,要特别加以注意。下面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可数名词的词和词组归纳如下:many, no, several, some, a few, a lot, lots, plenty, plenty of, a lot of, a large number of, enough。而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如下:much, no, some, a lot, a great deal, lots, plenty, a lot of, plenty of。其中some, no, a lot of, plenty of既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分,其规则如下:构词法 原 级 比较级 最高级? 加er,或est Tallyoung??? talleryounger?tallestyoungest?只加r或st nicelarge?nicerlarger?nicestlargest?重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音 字母时双写该字母加er、est big fathot?bigger fatterhotter??biggestfattesthottest?不规则变化的形容词或副词:原 级 比较级 最高级 good better best Well better best bad worse worst badly worse worst many more most most more most little less lest far fartherfurther ?farthestfurthest ?old olderelder?oldesteldest?要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词,如:back, all, alone, either, far, high, slow等。而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词,其规律如下:构词法 形容词 副 词 一般加ly Carefulkind?carefullykindly?尾是y时将y变成i加ly Happybusyeasy?Happilybusilyeasily?其 他 trueterriblefullpossibleshywhole?trulyterriblyfullypossiblyshylywholly?在学习过程中要注意其变化。此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词。能修饰比较级的有:much, yet, far, still, a great deal, even 和a little. 能修饰最高级的有:the very, much the, far等。(二) 正误辨析[误] The young likes playing football very much.[正] The young like playing football very much.[析] 定冠词加形容词表示一类人,应作复数看待。而定冠词加形容词表示抽象事物时则要看作单数,如:The beautiful is not always kindness.美丽并不总代表善良。[误] The danger has gone, so the worst are over.[正] The danger has gone, so the worst is over.[析] 意为:危险已经过去,最困难的状况已结束。用定冠词加最高级形容词作主语时应看作单数形式。[误] It is the gold age of the young.[正] It is the golden age of the young.[析] golden在英语中多用于比喻,如:golden hair金发,gulden voice金嗓子。而gold多用于表达金质的,如:a gold bar金条,a gold coin金币,但gold fish 金鱼例外。[误] She is a warm heart woman.[正] She is a warmhearted woman.[析] 英语形容词的构词法很多,其中之一是由形容词,或数词,加名词加ed构成,如:warmhoarted 热心肠的,whitehaired 白毛的[误] There is an alive fish in the pool.[正] There is a living fish in the pool.[析] 在初中范围内所学到的
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