2001年6月大学英语四级考试听力录音文字材料2001年6月大学英语四级考试听力录音文字材料.doc

文學術語 Romanticism(浪漫主義)：An artistic and intellectual movement, originating in Europe in the late 18th century and characterized by a heightened interest in nature, emphasis on the individual’s expression of emotion and imagination, departure from the attitudes and forms of classicism, and rebellion against established social rules and conventions. William Wordsworth is one of the greatest representatives. Renaissance（文藝復興）:The humanistic revival of classical art ,architecture literature and learning that originated in Italy in the 14th century and later spread throughout Europe .The period of this revival is roughly from the 14th through the 16th century, making the transition from medieval to modern times . Critical realism(批判現實主義)：critical realism refers to the whole truth showing moral and physical diseases as they are. It’s characteristic is to be true to life , as the mirror of truth ,close to daily life, reflecting it’s practical problems and interests and it used as a powerful instrument of human progress. Sonnet（十四行詩）：Sonnet is a special verse form with 14 lines ,usually iambic pentameter in English .There are two main kinds of sonnet Italian or Petrarchan and Shakespearean or English. An Italian sonnet is composed of an octave, i.e. an eight-line verse, rhyming abbaabba, and a sestet or six-line verse, rhyming cdecde or cdcdcd, or in some variant pattern, but with no concluding couplet (2-line verse). A Shakespearean sonnet has three quatrains (four-line verses) and rhymes abab cdcd efef gg. 現代主義 意識流 1 Old English(from the 5th century A.D on) They had no writing (except runes, used as charms) until they learned the Latin alphabet from Roman missionaries. The earliest written works in Old English (as their language is now known to scholars) were probably composed orally at first, and may have been passed on from speaker to speaker before being written. the names of some of the later writers (C?dmon, ?lfric and King Alfred) but most writing is anonymous.