长沙市秋冬季重污染日变化特征及与气象条件相关性研究.doc
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长沙市秋冬季重污染日变化特征及与气象条件相关性研究
刘妍妍1, 2 陈阳1, 2, 3 罗岳平1, 2, 3* 田耘1, 2 张琴1, 2 易文杰1, 4 彭庆庆1, 2
(1.湖南省环境监测中心站,湖南长沙410019;2.国家环境保护重金属污染监测重点实验室,湖南长沙410019;3.湘潭大学化工学院,湖南湘潭411105;4.湖南省环境保护厅,湖南长沙 410019)
摘要:利用长沙市2013--2014年秋冬季PM2.5监测数据及气象资料,统计了该市在研究时段重污染日的分布、AQI和PM2.5质量浓度的变化情况,分析了连续三天及以上重污染日对应的天气类型、气象要素特征,采用Pearson参数法研究了重污染日与各气象条件的相关性。结果表明, 2013年10月至2014年2月,长沙市的重污染日累计达到41天,占统计时段总天数的27.2%;长沙市发生重污染日的地面天气形势分为高压类和均压类两种类型,其中(弱)高压及其底(后)部占41.7%,(弱)高压(后部)转均压及均压转高压(底/前部)占37.5%,均压占20.8%;连续三天及以上重污染日的地面气象条件为小风或静风,平均风速1.7m/s,低于秋冬季平均风速2.1m/s;相对湿度平均60.8%,而秋冬季平均为66.7%。每次重污染日期间温度、气压变化不大,逆温较强;相关性分析结果表明,在重污染日,PM2.5质量浓度与温度、风速和气压负相关,相关系数分别为-0.1、-0.37、-0.26,而与湿度正相关,相关系数0.13。在长沙市,风速和湿度为重污染日的主导气象因素,较大的风力及有效降雨成为重污染日打断的主要因素。
关键词:重污染日;气象条件;变化特征;相关性
Correlation study on the variation characteristics and meteorological conditions of Changshas heavy pollution days in autumn and winter Liu Yanyan1,2,Chen Yang1,2,3,Luo Yueping1,2,3*,Zhang Qin1,2,Yi Wenjie1,4,Peng Qingqing1,2
(1.Hunan Environment Monitoring Centre,Changsha Hunan 410019;2.National Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Pollution Monitoring,Changsha Hunan 410019;3.Xiangtan University Chemical Engineering College,Xiangtan Hunan 411105;4.Environmental Protection Department of Hunan,Changsha Hunan 410019 )
Abstract: Using 2013-2014 autumn-winter monitoring and meteorological data of Changsha city, the paper counted the time distribution of the city’s heavy air pollution days and the variation of AQI and PM2.5 mass concentration of the study period, analyzed weather types and meteorological characteristics in corresponding of three consecutive heavy air pollution days or more, studied the correlation between heavy air pollution days and each meteorological conditions by using Pearson correlation method. The results showed that there were 41 serious air pollution days from October 2013 to February 2014, and heavy pollution days accounted for 27.2 percent throughout the full statistic period; Ground weather situation of the heavy polluti
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