associations between pathogens in the upper respiratory tract of young children interplay between viruses and bacteria病原体之间的关联在儿童上呼吸道病毒和细菌之间的相互作用.pdf

Associations between Pathogens in the Upper Respiratory Tract of Young Children: Interplay between Viruses and Bacteria 1,2 1 3 1 Menno R. van den Bergh , Giske Biesbroek , John W. A. Rossen , Wouter A. A. de Steenhuijsen Piters , 1 1,2 1 4 Astrid A. T. M. Bosch , Elske J. M. van Gils , Xinhui Wang , Chantal W. B. Boonacker , 2 5 1 . 1. Reinier H. Veenhoven , Jacob P. Bruin , Debby Bogaert * , Elisabeth A. M. Sanders 1 Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands, 2 Research Center Linnaeus Institute, Spaarne Hospital, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands, 3 Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, St Elisabeth Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands, 4 Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands, 5 Regional Laboratory of Public Health, Haarlem, The Netherlands Abstract Background: High rates of potentially pathogenic bacteria and respiratory viruses can be detected in the upper respiratory tract of healthy children. Investigating presence of and associations between these pathogens in healthy individuals is still a rather unexplored field of research, but may have implications for interpreting findings during disease. Methodology/Principal Findings: We selected 986 nasopharyngeal samples from 433 6- to 24-month-old healthy children that had partic