the cinnamon-derived dietary factor cinnamic aldehyde activates the nrf2-dependent antioxidant response in human epithelial colon cells肉桂醛的cinnamon-derived膳食因素激活nrf2-dependent人类结肠上皮细胞抗氧化反应.pdf

Molecules 2010, 15, 3338-3355; doi:10.3390/molecule OPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 /journal/molecules Article The Cinnamon-Derived Dietary Factor Cinnamic Aldehyde Activates the Nrf2-Dependent Antioxidant Response in Human Epithelial Colon Cells Georg Thomas Wondrak †,*, Nicole F. Villeneuve †, Sarah D. Lamore, Alexandra S. Bause, Tao Jiang and Donna D. Zhang * Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; E-Mails: nvillene@ (N.F.V.); lamore@ (S.D.L.); Alexandra_Bause@ (A.S.B.); tjiang@ (T.J.) † These two authors contributed equally to this study. * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: wondrak@ (G.T.W.); dzhang@ (D.D.Z.). Received: 24 March 2010; in revised form: 27 April 2010 / Accepted: 6 May 2010 / Published: 7 May 2010 Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of tumor-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent research suggests that pharmacological intervention using dietary factors that activate the redox sensitive Nrf2/Keap1-ARE signaling pathway may represent a promising strategy for chemoprevention of human cancer including CRC. In our search for dietary Nrf2 activators with potential chemopreventive activity targeting CRC, we have focused our studies on trans-cinnamic aldehyde (cinnamaldeyde, CA), the key flavor compound in cinnamon essential oil. Here we demonstrate that CA and an ethanolic extract (CE) prepar