Project Management Network Models - Georgia College …项目管理网络模型-乔治亚学院….doc

Topic – 15 Project Management: Network Models Project Management: Network Models Project: A primarily non-repetitive set of interrelated activities whose combined performance accomplishes desired objectives: - may involve hundreds of organizational units and thousands of different activities, - may need a few decades or longer to complete. Project Management: Planning, Scheduling, Controlling process to meet project objectives under given constraints. Great efforts in coordination/cooperation are needed for a successful project. Why Is Project Management Important? Complexity - a great number of various organizational units and project activities involved and the interactions and the interdependence among the different units and activities. Dynamics Uncertainty - uncertainties in system environment may result in unexpected changing in system constraints. External Factors: short life-cycle of product technology/Rapid Changing in Marketplace/High Competition/ Internal Factors: Huge Investment/Pressure on Time Cost/Budget Limitations/Resources Constraints/ Project Management Characteristics Characteristics Factors Symptoms Uniqueness Uncertainty Cost overruns Extended duration Uncontrollable Schedule slippage Complexity Need for coordination Insufficient technical performance Significant outside participation Need for priorities Contact problems Extensive interactions Difficult planning Communication difficulties, finger pointing Multiple dependencies High visibility Uncoordination, foul-ups High risk Attention by top management Big failure, public attention, anxiety High profit potential Attention by top management Competition, external interest Project: Objectives and Constraints Major Objectives of Project Management: * Time: To complete the project on the scheduled time. * Cost/Budget: Within the budget or minimize the total cost. * Quality: To meet the specifications and requirements. * Major Constraints in Project Management: * R