第一章-植物组织.pdf

统 系 织 组 与 织 组 的 物 植 植物的组织/The Tissues of Plants 植物组织——指来源相同，形态结构相似，功能相同的一类或不 同类型细胞群所组成的结构和功能单位。 • 根据其组成成分可划分为： – 简单组织simple tissue – 复合组织complex tissue • 按其发育特点可划分为： – 分生组织meristem/meristematic tissue – 成熟组织mature tissue • 根据其功能和结构特点可划分为： – 分生组织meristem 、薄壁组织parenchyma tissue 、保护组织 protective tissue 、输导组织conducting tissue、机械组织 mechanical tissue 和分泌组织secretory tissue •分生组织 meristem •薄壁组织 parenchyma tissue •机械组织 mechanical tissue •保护组织 protective tissue •输导组织 conducting tissue •分泌组织 secretory tissue 分生组织Meristem 根据分生组织的 位置可分： 1. 顶端分生组织 apical meristem 2. 侧生分生组织 lateral meristem 3. 居间分生组织 intercalary meristem 顶端分生组织 Apical Meristem 侧生分生组织Lateral Meristem Lateral meristem includes: vascular cambium and cork cambium 薄壁组织Parenchyma Tissue • Parenchyma cells usually have only thin primary walls; typically alive at maturity. • Functions include: basic metabolism, photosynthesis, storage etc. For example, Aerenchyma (通气组织), Chlorenchyma (绿色组织) 接骨木皮层薄壁细胞 Transverse section of the cortex of an elderberry stem. Intercellular spaces 传递细胞/Transfer cells Ingrowth of cell wall; important role in transferring dissolved substances between adjacent cells Sieve element Wall ingrowth Transverse section of a portion of the phloem from a small vein of a Senecio leaf, arrows indicating wall ingrowth. 输导组织Conducting Tissue 木质部Xylem 韧皮部Phloem • Complex tissue, • Complex tissue, at least consisting of at least 2 over 2 types of cells kinds of cells • Conducting cells