外科形成性考核作业题（Surgical formative assessment exercises）.doc

外科形成性考核作业题（Surgical formative assessment exercises） Answers to surgical questions Problem one (Chapter 1 ~ eighth) First, the noun explanation 1. isotonic dehydration 2. total parenteral nutrition 3. acute respiratory distress syndrome 4. end expiratory pressure 5. acute rejection Two, radio questions 1. the most important manifestation of mild hyperosmotic dehydration is B A. fidgety B. thirsty C. decreased urine output D. blood pressure drops E. confusion 2. patients with acute digestive tract disorders who are given the following infusion of fluids as their responsible nurse, consider entering the E first A. dextran B.5% glucose solution C.5% sodium bicarbonate D.10% glucose solution E.5% glucose saline 3. when hyperkalemia occurs in patients with arrhythmias, first of all, C should be administered A.5%NaHCO3 solution B.5% glucose plus insulin C.10% calcium gluconate D. hypertonic saline E. dialysis treatment 4. adult intravenous potassium ion, the amount of urine must not be less than D per hour A.10ml B.20ml C.30ml D.40ml E.50ml 5. female, 30 years old, persistent asthma for 2 days, arterial blood gas analysis, pH7.35, PaCO29.3, kPa, PaO26.6kPa, BE+2mmol/L, HCO3-25, mmol/L, the type of acid-base imbalance is D A. respiratory alkalosis B. metabolic acidosis C. metabolic alkalosis D.; respiratory acidosis; compensatory period E. respiratory alkalosis complicated with metabolic alkalosis 6., through the nasogastric tube perfusion elements diet, the patient had better take A A. semi recumbent position B. left lateral decubitus C. right lateral decubitus D. supine pillow E. occiput supine position 7. for patients with long-term parenteral nutrition, th