8 语法精讲虚拟语气.ppt

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等. [例句] If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过去事实相反) [例句] 2. If it were(were to be/should be) sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you. 明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与将来事实可能相反) [例句] 3. If I were you, I would go now. 假如我是你的话，我现在就走。(与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你) 二、省略 if 的条件从句 当从句中有 were, had 或 should 时，可省略if ，而把它们放在句首。 If I were to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about it. Were I to meet him tomorrow,… If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. Should he fail in the experiment… If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 三、错综时间的条件句（交叉虚拟） 即从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。此时，需要按时间来确定虚拟形式。如： If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now. 如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。 If he had not taken my advice, he wouldnt be so attractive. 如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会这么吸引人了。 1.(06湖北)If I had worked harder at school, I ____ in a comfortable office now。 A. would sit B. would have sat C. would be sitting D. were sitting 2.(27华中)If you had taken your medicine yesterday, you____ be all right now. A. will be B. are C. would have been D. would 1、记住：这些动词后面接的宾语从句：表示愿望( wish), 建议(suggest, advice, propose, recommend) ，要求(demand, request, require, insist), 命令(order, command)等。 (06潍坊)I suggested not only____ the meeting but also give a speech there. A. will be attend B. his attending C. should he attend D. he should attend 2.The captain commanded that the soldiers ___ launch another attack on the enemy at once. A. should B. must C. could D. had to 2、除wish外，其它动词用should + do 构成, should 可以省略。 3、 wish接宾语从句有三种情况： 1) 现在：用过去式 2) 过去：用过去完成式 (had done) 或 could/would have done 3) 将来：用情态动词(would / could) + do [例句] 1. I wish she would be on my side. 我希望她能站在我一边。 2. I wish I were 30 years younger. 我但愿自己能年轻三十岁。 3. I wish (that) you would get a good job. 我希望你能找到一个好